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Single Displacement Reactions

Single Displacement Reactions. Single Displacement Reactions: At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:. Identify a basic single displacement reaction Use the reactivity series table to determine if the reaction will take place Balance a single displacement reaction.

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Single Displacement Reactions

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  1. Single Displacement Reactions

  2. Single Displacement Reactions:At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: Identify a basic single displacement reaction Use the reactivity series table to determine if the reaction will take place Balance a single displacement reaction

  3. Simple Reactions Synthesis (Combination) Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

  4. Synthesis A + B A B Decomposition A + B A B Single Replacement + + A B C A C B Double Replacement + + A B C D A D C B

  5. Synthesis A + B A B Decomposition A + B A B Single Replacement + + A B C A C B Double Replacement + + A B C D A D C B

  6. 3. Single Replacement Reactions • Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound. • A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a halogen can replace a halogen (-). • element + compound element + compound A + BC  AC + B (if A is a metal)OR A + BC  BA + C (if A is a halogen) (remember the cation always goes first!)

  7. 3. Single Replacement Reactions • For these reactions, you must remember: When H2O splits into ions, it splits into H+ and OH- (not H+ and O-2 !!) A single replacement reaction will only occur if the replacement ion has a higher activity than the original ion in the compound To determine this, refer to a relative activity table

  8. Relative Activities Metals Decreasing Activity Halogens Lithium, Li Fluorine, F Potassium, K Chlorine, Cl Calcium, Ca Bromine, Br Sodium, Na Iodine, I Magnesium, Mg Aluminum, Al Zinc, Zn Hydrogen, H Chromium, Cr Copper, Cu Iron, Fe Mercury, Hg Nickel, Ni Silver, Ag Tin, Sn Platinum, Pt Lead, Pb Gold, Au

  9. Single Replacement Reactions • (note: Li is higher relative activity than H):

  10. A Displacement Reaction: metallic copper with silver nitrate Cu + Ag NO3 Note: Cu is higher relative activity Ag + Cu(NO3)2

  11. Single Replacement Reactions • Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equation: • Zinc metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2 + H2(g) Note: Zinc replaces the hydrogen ion in the reaction because of higher relative activity 2

  12. Word Single Replacement Reactions • Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous copper (II) nitrate  Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq) Al(NO3)3(aq) + Cu 2Al(s)+ 3 Cu(NO3)2(aq) 2 Al(NO3)3(aq) + 3 Cu

  13. Single Displacement Reactions:Let’s see if you can: Identify a basic single displacement reaction Use the reactivity series table to determine if the reaction will take place Balance a single displacement reaction

  14. Try This… • Predict the products and balance the following reactions: • Zinc reacts with aqueous copper (II) sulfate • Zn + CuSO4  • Zinc is higher relative activity so… Zn + CuSO4  Cu + ZnSO4

  15. Try This… • Predict the products and balance the following reactions: • Copper (II) reacts with aqueous calcium sulfate • Cu + CaSO4  • Copper is lower relative activity so… • Cu + CaSO4  NR

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