Augmented Reality

1. Augmented Reality Reality Reinvented Name Shipra grover Roll no. 2307001 Semester 5th Department Cse

2. Contents • Introduction • Augmented reality • Augmented reality system • Augmenting our world • Example – Wikitude • Implementation • Components of AR system • Head mounted display • Video see through • Optical see through • Tracking & orientation • Global positioning system • Differential GPS • Digital compass • Mobile computing • Augmented Reality Vs Virtual reality • History • Using Augmented reality • Limitations • Looking into future.. • Conclusion • references

3. Introduction • Augmented reality will truly change the way we view the world. Picture yourself walking or driving down the street. With augmented-reality displays, which will eventually look much like a normal pair of glasses, informative graphics will appear in your field of view, and audio will coincide with whatever you see. These enhancements will be refreshed continually to reflect the movements of your head. In this article, we will take a look at this future technology, its components and how it will be used.

4. Augmented Reality • Augmented Reality is a field of computer research which deals with combination of reality with computer generated data. • It is still in an early stage of research and development. possibly by the end of this decade, we will see the first mass-marketed augmented-reality system

5. Augmented Reality System An augmented reality system is one that Combine real n virtual world Is interactive in real time Is registered in 3D.

6. Augmenting Our World • The basic idea of augmented reality is to superimpose graphics, audio and other sense enhancements over a real-world environment in real-time. • Sounds pretty simple. Besides, haven't television networks been doing that with graphics for decades? • These systems display graphics for only one point of view. Next-generation augmented-reality systems will display graphics for each viewer's perspective.

7. Software based on Augmented Reality … Wikitude – Wiki attitude

8. Wikitude –wiki attitude • WIKITUDE World Browser presents the user with data about their surroundings, nearby landmarks, and other points of interest by overlaying information on the real-time camera view of a smart-phone.

9. Implementation • To implement there are four things that we require to do find user’s locationfind user’s orientation (view)generating informationaugmenting it to user’s view Find user’s location Generate data Augment generated data to user’s view Find user’s orientation (view)

10. Components Here are the three components needed to make an augmented-reality system work: display tracking system mobile computing power

11. Head mounted view

12. Head-mounted Displays • Just as monitors allow us to see text and graphics generated by computers, head-mounted displays (HMDs) will enable us to view graphics and text created by augmented-reality systems • There are two basic types of HMDS: • video see-through • optical see-through

13. Video See Through Displays • They block out the wearer's surrounding environment, using small video cameras attached to the outside of the goggles to capture images. On the inside of the display, the video image is played in real-time and the graphics are superimposed on the video. One problem with the use of video cameras is that there is more lag, meaning that there is a delay in image-adjustment when the viewer moves his or her head.

14. Optical See Through Display • Optical see through is not fully realized yet.It is supposed to consist of ordinary looking pair of glasses that will have light source on the side to project images onto the retina.

15. Tracking & Orientation

16. Tracking and Orientation • The biggest challenge facing developers of augmented reality is the need to know where the user is located in reference to his or her surroundings. • There's also the additional problem of tracking the movement of users' eyes and heads.

17. AR System needs to know two things 2.Where he is looking 1.Where the user is located

18. GPS – Tracking Technology • Currently, the best tracking technology available for large open areas is the Global Positioning System. • However, GPS receivers have an accuracy of about 10 to 30 meters, which is not bad in the grand scheme of things, but isn't good enough for augmented reality, which needs accuracy measured in millimeters or smaller. GPS Network

19. Real Time Differential GPS • There are ways to increase tracking accuracy. For instance, the military uses multiple GPS signals. There is also differential GPS, which involves using an area that has already been surveyed. A more accurate system being developed, known as real-time kinematic GPS, can achieve centimeter-level accuracy.

20. Digital compass • A digital compass consists of sensors to measure the earth's magnetic field, some conditioning of those sensor signals, and a microcontroller to interpret the data • Components • Three magnetic sensors • One tilt sensor

21. Mobile Computing Power • Wearable computers Mobile computing can be accomplished with help of wearable computers • A wearable computer is a battery powered computer system worn on the user’s body(belt, backpack etc). • It is designed for mobile & predominantly hand free operations often incorporating head mounted display & speech input.

22. Virtual reality creates immersive, computer generated environments which replaces real world\ Here the head mounted displays block out all the external world from the viewer and present a view that is under the complete control of the computer. Virtual reality serves for at totally immersive environment . The senses are under control of the system. The user is completely immersed is an artificial world and cut off from real world. Augmented reality is closer to the real world. augmented reality add graphics, sounds & smell to the natural world, as it exists. Thus it augments the real world scene in such a way that the user can maintain a sense of presence in that world. That is ,the user can interact with the real world, and at the same time can see, both the real and virtual world co-existing. User is not cut off from the reality Augmented VS Virtual Reality

23. History & Development • 1962: Morton Heilig, a cinematographer, creates a motorcycle simulator called  Sensorama with visuals, sound, vibration, and smell. • 1966: Ivan Sutherland invents the head-mounted display suggesting it was a window into a virtual world. • 1975: Myron Krueger creates Videoplace that allows users to interact with virtual objects for the first time. • 1989: Jaron Lanier coins the phrase Virtual Reality and creates the first commercial business around virtual worlds.

24. History & Development • 1990:Tom Caudellcoins the phrase Augmented Reality while at Boeing helping workers assemble cables into aircraft. • 1994:Milgrimdefines a continuum of real to virtual reality environments. AR is placed as a mixed reality on the continuum spectrum. • 1997:Azuma published a survey paper which defined the field of AR. • 2002:Steven Feineris the leading pioneer of augmented reality, and author of the first paper on the subject. • Feiner, S. K."Augmented Reality: A New Way of Seeing: Computer scientists are developing systems that can enhance and enrich a user's view of the world". Scientific American, April 2002.

25. History & Development • 2002:Bruce H. Thomas is the inventor of the first outdoor augmented reality game ARQuake. His current research interests include: wearable computers, user interfaces, augmented reality, virtual reality, computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), and tabletop display interfaces. • 2005: Horizon Report: Profile Augmented Reality as New technology trend to watch. The Report predicts that AR technology will emerge more fully within 4-5 years. • 2005: Camera system developed that can analyze physical environments in real time and relate positions between objects and environments. This work has become the basis for AR systems to integrate reality with virtual objects.  • 2005: Daniel Palanker, Alexander Vankov and Phil Huiedevelop a"bionic eye".

26. History & Development • 2007: Facial feature tracking to allow for greater control of perspective. For example, a conductor could command a certain set of virtual instruments with the movement of his eyes.  • 2007: Medical applications for users. Sending visual cues to help MS patients better keep their balance. • 2008: A multiple new innovations and examples of AR now exist across a multitude of areas.!

27. Using Augmented Reality Once researchers overcome the challenges that face them, augmented reality will likely pervade every corner of our lives. It has the potential to be used in almost every industry, including: • Education In an Augmented Reality interface students can be seated around a table and see each other at the same time as a virtual heart floating in their midst. This results in conversational behavior that is more similar to natural face-to-face collaboration than to screen based collaboration [Kiyokawa 2002].

28. Using Augmented Reality • Military - The military has been devising uses for augmented reality for decades. The idea here is that an augmented-reality system could provide troops with vital information about their surroundings, such as showing where entrances are on the opposite end of a building, somewhat like X-ray vision. • Augmented reality displays could also highlight troop movements, and give soldiers the ability to move to where the enemy can't see them.

29. Using Augmented Reality • Instant information -Tourists and students could use these systems to learn more about a certain historical event. • Imagine walking onto a Civil War battlefield and seeing a re-creation of historical events on a head-mounted, augmented-reality display. It would immerse you in the event, and the view would be panoramic.

30. Using Augmented Reality • Gaming - How cool would it be to take video games outside? The game could be projected onto the real world around you, and you could, literally, be in it as one of the characters. One Australian researcher has created a prototype game that combines Quake, a popular video game, with augmented reality. He put a model of a university campus into the game's software. Now, when he uses this system, the game surrounds him as he walks across campus.

31. Limitations • Accurate tracking and orientation • For wearable augmented reality system, there are still enough computing power to create stereo 3D graphics • The size of AR systems is yet another problem.

32. Looking into future …… • Expanding a PC screen to real environment..program windows & icons appear as virtual devices in real space & are eye or gesture operated, by gazing or pointing. • Enhanced media application ,like pseudo holographic virtual screens, virtual surround cinema.

33. Looking into future …. • Replacement of cell phones: eye dialing, insertion of information directly into environment. • Virtual conferences in "holodeck" style . • Examples might be a virtual wall clock, a to-do list for the day docked by your bed for you to look at first thing in the morning, etc.

34. Looking into future…. • Enhanced media applications, like pseudo holographic virtual screens, virtual surround cinema, virtual 'holodecks' (allowing computer-generated imagery to interact with live entertainers and audience) • And the list goes on as your imagination….

35. Conclusion • Augmented reality will further blur the line between what's real and what's computer-generated by enhancing what we see, hear, feel and smell.

36. References … • http://www.metalliccloud.com/rob/future_thinking/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality • http://www.howstuffworks.com/augmented-reality.htm • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpaJBu4BEuA

37. Thank you