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Calculating the Recycling Efficiency Rate for Lead

Paul White Head of Statistics and Forecasting International Lead and Zinc Study Group International Secondary Lead Conference 1 September 2008 – Macau. Calculating the Recycling Efficiency Rate for Lead. Presentation Outline. Recycling in Context Need for a Standardised Approach

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Calculating the Recycling Efficiency Rate for Lead

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  1. Paul White Head of Statistics and Forecasting International Lead and Zinc Study Group International Secondary Lead Conference 1 September 2008 – Macau Calculating the Recycling Efficiency Rate for Lead

  2. Presentation Outline • Recycling in Context • Need for a Standardised Approach • Development of Common Metals Recycling Rates • Focus on Lead • Next Steps 2

  3. ILZSG Overview • Intergovernmental organization set up within the UN system • Significant level of industry representation • Established by UN in 1959 in New York • Moved to London in 1977 • From start of 2006 ILZSG, ICSG & INSG co-located in Lisbon, Portugal www.insg.org www.icsg.org 3

  4. ILZSG Membership Australia Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada China Finland France Germany India Iran Ireland Italy Japan Korea Rep. Morocco Namibia Netherlands Norway Peru Poland Portugal Russian Fed. Serbia South Africa Spain Sweden Thailand United States European Community • Membership open to any country involved in lead and/or zinc production, usage, or trade. • 30 members (>85% of global lead/zinc industry): 4 4

  5. ILZSG Overview – Work of the Group • Promote Market Transparency – Closely monitor production, consumption, prices, stocks, trade flows and market balances – Reports and directories • Facilitate Co-operation Between Government and Industry – Twice yearly meetings – Special conferences/seminars • In-depth Research into Issues of Interest/Concern to Members • – Environmental legislation • – Economic developments 5

  6. Recycling in Context • Legislation increasing • EU Thematic Strategy on Sustainable Use of Natural Resources • OECD Material Flows and Resource Productivity Programme • G8 “3R” Initiative • Numerous National Strategies • Landfill restrictions increasing • Need for preparation 6

  7. Need for Standardised Approach I • Performance of metals in recycling assumed to be good – but difficult to demonstrate and communicate • Recycling rates often used in wrong context • Performance of metals may be underestimated • Potential for increasing metals recycling may be overestimated 7

  8. Need for Standardised Approach II • Definitions applied to metals recycling have not been consistent across different metals and different regions • Need to harmonize methodologies and calculate consistent rates resulted in creation of Recycling Project Team (RPT) in 2003 8

  9. Recycling Project Team • ILZSG, ICSG, INSG • European Aluminium Association (EAA) • European Copper Institute (ECI) • European Nickel Industry Association • Eurofer • Eurometaux • International Lead Association (ILA) • International Wrought Copper Council (IWCC) • International Zinc Association (IZA) • Nickel Institute • Org of Aluminium Refiners and Remelters (OEA) • International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) 9

  10. RPT Objectives • Develop common set of recycling indicators to be used by the whole NFM Industry • Facilitate collection of necessary data and monitor methodology used to calculate rates • Ensure proper communication to all stakeholders 10

  11. Development of Rates • Variations in processing and use of different metals had to be taken into consideration • Agreed set of rates developed over 2 year period 11

  12. Life cycle Mining/Concentrates Refining, Smelting -> Waste Metal Processing -> Residues Semi’s Manufacturing -> Scrap Products Dissipative uses Prod. at end-of-life Hoarding – Dispersed (Municipal waste stream) Metal collected Landfilled Metal recycled Source: IZA / ILZSG

  13. Life cycle Mining/Concentrates Smelting -> Waste New scrap 1 to 6 months Metal Processing -> Residues Semi’s Manufacturing -> Scrap Products Dissipative uses Prod. at end-of-life Hoarding – Dispersed(Municipal waste stream) Metal collected Landfilled Metal recycled Source: IZA / ILZSG

  14. Life cycle Mining/Concentrates Smelting -> Waste Metal Processing -> Residues Semi’s Manufacturing -> Scrap Metal in products Dissipative uses Old scrap 1 to 100 years Prod. at end-of-life Dispersed(Municipalwaste stream) Metal collected Landfilled Metal recycled Source: IZA / ILZSG

  15. Collection & Recycling rates Recycling input rate Metal recycled RIR = Total metal production Source: IZA / ILZSG Overall Recycling Efficiency Rate Recycled metal RER= Metal available for recycling (old + new scrap) End of Life Recycling Efficiency Rate Metal recycled EOL/RER = Metal available for collection (old scrap)

  16. Recycling Input Rate Concentrates Smelting -> Waste Metal Processing -> Residues Semi’s Manufacturing -> Scrap RIR Metal in products Dissipative uses Prod. at end-of-life Hoarding – Dispersed(Municipal waste stream) Metal collected Landfilled Metal recycled Source: IZA / ILZSG

  17. Recycling Efficiency Rate Concentrates Smelting -> Waste Metal Processing -> Residues New scrap Semi’s Manufacturing -> Scrap Metal in products Dissipative uses Prod. at end-of-life Hoarding – Dispersed(Municipal waste stream) RER Metal collected Landfilled Metal recycled Source: IZA / ILZSG

  18. End-of-Life Recycling Efficiency Rate Concentrates Smelting -> Waste Metal Processing -> Residues New scrap Semi’s Manufacturing -> Scrap EOL/RER Products Dissipative uses Prod. at end-of-life Hoarding – Dispersed(Municipal waste stream) Metal collected Landfilled Metal recycled Source: IZA / ILZSG

  19. Additional Collection & Recycling rates (EOL) EOL Collection rate Metal Collected EOL/CR = Metal available for collection from EOL scrap EOL Recovery rate Metal recycled EOL/RR = Metal collected Source: IZA / ILZSG Is the responsibility of the downstream sectors Is the responsibility of the recyclers/metal producers

  20. Focus on LeadLead End Uses – 1960 vs 2005 Source: ILZSG 20

  21. Recycling Input Rates (RIR) for lead • Apparent RIRs for lead in 2008: • Europe 71.2% • Americas 77.1% • Asia 34.8% • World 52.1% Source: ILA / ILZSG 21

  22. RIR is a Statistical Mesurement • RIR does not provide information about recycling efficiency • Calculation of RER requires additional research and analysis • product lifetimes • historical end use data • trade in lead containing products • trade in lead scrap • secondary lead production data 22

  23. Lead RER – Product Lifetimes Source: ILA / ILZSG 23

  24. Lead RER for the EU15 in 2005 Source: ILA / ILZSG 24

  25. Refinements Needed for Final Calculations • Clarification of current status of cables • Clarification of current status of lead pipe • Factor trade in scrap into calculations • Factor trade in lead containing products into calculations 25

  26. Next Steps • Reactivate Recycling Project Team • Identify additional sources of data and facilitate data collection • Continue to promote application of a common methodology accross the metals • Conduct further work on material flow analysis in cooperation with Yale University • Further examination and quantitification of diffuse emissions • Workshop held in June with follow-up planned for 2010 26

  27. THANK YOU! 27

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