T he history of photography

1. The history of photography By Adriana Aleksandrova

2. Stenopeichen camera and camera obscura • The emergence of photography in the 19th century was the result of several important technical breakthroughs. • The first is optical. • Long before the first shots to be made, Chinesephilosopher Mo Di and Greek mathematiciansAristotle and Euclid described stenopeichen camera in the 5th - 4th century BC.

3. Stenopeichen camera and camera obscura • In the 6th century, Byzantine mathematician Animi from Thrall used a camera obscura in his experiments,Ibn al- Haytham (965-1040) study stenopeichen camera obscura and camera and make their first accurate description and analysis, Albertus Magnus (1193-1280 g .) discovered silver nitrate, and Georges Fabrisius (1516-71) the discovered silver chloride.

4. Stenopeichen camera and camera obscura • Daniele Barbaro describes diaphragm in 1568, while Wilhelm Homberg described how light makes some chemicals to darken (photochemical effect) in 1694. • Very important discovery about photography is a camera obscura. At that time it was in use for at least 400 years ago.

5. Stenopeichen camera and camera obscura • The second important finding was dry. • It is also rooted in antiquity. • Johann Heinrich Schultz (1687-1744) physicist and professor at the University of Gaul, Germany, established in 1724, that under the influence of light iron salts change color.

6. Stenopeichen camera and camera obscura • Professor Schultz published the data in 1727, but did not attempt to make the images permanent. This experiment, however, initiated a series of observations, discoveries and inventions in the field of chemistry, which after more than a century led to the invention of photography.

7. The first images • It is believed that the first successful photograph was made in 1822, but has not been preserved. • The first one reached us is from 1826 and was made by the French inventor Joseph Niepce Nisefor. • Daguerre in 1839 proclaimed that invented the photographic process using silver-plated copper plate called the daguerreotype.

8. The first images • The French government bought the patent and immediately made ​​it public. • Meanwhile, Hercules Florence, French-Brazilian inventor and artist, has created a similar process in 1832 in Brazil and called photography.

9. The first images • A little earlier, the other side of the Channel, the English inventor William Fox Talbot has found another way to fix the image obtained by the silver process, but keep it a secret. • Unlike daguerreotype that creates unique, one-time images kalotipniyat negative can be used to create an unlimited number of positive images.

10. The first images • In March 1851 Frederick Scott Archer published his findings in "The Chemist" for the process of wet plate collodion and. This is the most widely used process between 1852 and the end of 1860, when the dry plate was introduced.

11. Spread • During the first years daguerreotype proved more popular. This demand which can not be satisfied either with the funds of painting, either in volume or value may be pressure leading to the development of photography.

12. Spread • Many people believe that the daguerreotype was the most popular photographic process to the end of the 19th century. In fact, this process has been in common use for about a decade. • Daguerreotypes, while beautiful, are fragile and difficult to copy.

13. Spread • Ambrotipiyata invented in 1854 by Archer – positive on glass with blacked out back. • Tintipiyata (tintype) - image on asphalt covered with an iron plate. • Protein fingerprint (or paper soaked in salt) – a paper photograph produced using large glass negatives most commonly used process in documenting the American Civil War.

14. Spread • Desire for better photographic process towards finding a cheap way to make a large number of photographic reproductions inventors returns back to Talbot's process. • After a series of improvements over the first 20 years was born the modern photographic process.

15. The end!