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ITIS 1210 Introduction to Web-Based Information Systems

Explore the inner workings of web host servers, from storing and distributing websites to managing communication protocols. Learn about server software, handling HTTP requests, and utilizing port numbers for effective data transfer.

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ITIS 1210 Introduction to Web-Based Information Systems

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  1. ITIS 1210Introduction to Web-Based Information Systems Chapter 23 How Web Host Servers Work

  2. Introduction • Websites need a place to live – a host • Websites are hosted on a server • Stored • Distributed • Server • Manages communications protocols • Houses the Web pages themselves • Supporting software

  3. Introduction • Server software • Delivers the pages requested by clients • Acts on other requests from servers • Handles the HTTP requests • Communicates with the host’s OS • Which handles the TCP/IP functions

  4. How Web Host Servers Work • Different types of server software handle different kinds of requests from clients • Database servers • FTP requests • Network servers • Mail servers • Web servers are HTTP servers • Sends HTML documents using HTTP

  5. How Web Host Servers Work • Most of the time, the client requests an HTML page • Server receives request • Locates the .html file • Sends it back to the requesting client • Can do more however • Passes requests to run CGI scripts to CGI applications

  6. How Web Host Servers Work • These scripts run external mini-programs • Database lookup • Process and interactive form • Server sends script to CGI • In a standardized format • CGI communicates with external program • Receives results back from external program • Formats & returns results

  7. How Web Host Servers Work • Basic problem with IP addresses: • They are limited in scope because of their 0-255 format • IP addresses allow you to contact a specific computer • But how does that computer know which program you are using?

  8. How Web Host Servers Work • The answer is port numbers • Value from 0 to 65535 • Think of it as the extension of a telephone number • A complete data transfer always includes a port number:

  9. How Web Host Servers Work 213.153.38.220:80

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