Intro: What is an earthquake?

1. Intro: What is an earthquake? • Remember Plate Tectonics – Peeled Orange – Curst of earth is like orange peel and can move around. (1)

2. Intro: What is an earthquake? • Earthquakes happen because of a sudden slip on a fault in the earth’s surface where the rock on one side moves up, down, or sideways relative to the other side.(2)

3. Intro: What is an earthquake? • An earthquake is felt as a sudden, rapid shaking on the surface of earth. This shaking can last a few seconds or even a few minutes. The motion causes waves that moves through Earth. (3)

4. Intro: What is an earthquake? • Earthquakes are detected with instruments that measure and record the seismic waves. (4)

5. How do you measure earthquakes? Richter Scale (If Time) – Each number is 10 times stronger

7. How do you measure earthquakes? • 5.0 — If you are in a car, it may rock. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may break. • 4.0 — Buildings shake a little. It feels like a truck is passing by your house. • 3.0 — You may notice this quake if you are sitting still, or upstairs in a house. A hanging object, like a model airplane, may swing. • 2.0 — Trees sway. Small ponds ripple. Doors swing slowly. But you can't tell an earthquake is to blame. • 1.0 — Earthquakes this small happen below ground. You can't feel them.

8. How do you measure earthquakes? • 9.0 — Causes complete devastation and large-scale loss of life. • 8.0 — Very few buildings stay up. Bridges fall down. Underground pipes burst. Railroad rails bend. Large rocks move. Smaller objects are tossed into the air. Some objects are swallowed up by the earth. • 7.0 — It is hard to keep your balance. The ground cracks. Roads shake. Weak buildings fall down. Other buildings are badly damaged. • 6.0 — Pictures can fall off walls. Furniture moves. In some buildings, walls may crack.

9. Earthquakes in Japan • One of the most powerful earthquakes ever recorded struck on Friday 11 March off the north eastern coast of Japan. It caused widespread loss of life and severe damage. The earthquake also triggered a tsunami, a destructive wave of water that washed away everything in its path - homes, buildings, vehicles and people.

10. Tsunami in Japan • Days after the event, the exact extent of the loss of life, damage and personal suffering is unknown.

11. Taiwan Earthquake Density Map

13. Activity 1:Crises in Japan Ripple Across the Global Economy

14. Activity 2 • Click the following link to launch the earthquake simulation website:http://dsc.discovery.com/anthology/unsolvedhistory/earthquake/interactive/interactive.html

15. Activity 3 : Sentence pattern • If you are in a lift, you would get out of it. • If you are near a desk, you would get under it. • If you are on a bus, you would hold tight onto a strap or rail. • If you are standing by a cliff, you would move away. • If you are driving a train, you would slow down or stop. • If you are riding a bike, you would get off it. • If you near a building site, you would move away from large cranes. • If you were cooking a meal, you would turn off the heat.