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SOHO Networking

SOHO Networking. Caskey L. Dickson LA-ACM April, 2006. Overview. What are they? Why have them? How do you make them? Who makes the technology?. What are they?. SOHO - Small Office Home Office Myriad of connected/smart devices. SOHO. Few users Few devices Light loads

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SOHO Networking

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  1. SOHO Networking Caskey L. Dickson LA-ACM April, 2006

  2. Overview • What are they? • Why have them? • How do you make them? • Who makes the technology? LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  3. What are they? • SOHO - Small Office Home Office • Myriad of connected/smart devices LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  4. SOHO • Few users • Few devices • Light loads • Ease of use vs. security • Unmanaged LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  5. Smart Devices • Computers • Printers • HTPCs/Home Theater PCs • Video game consoles • XBox • PS2 • Appliances • Whirlpool & LG • Internet Fridge, Oven, Washing Machine, Air Conditioner • Home Automation • Cars LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  6. Why have them? • Connectivity • Economy • Ease of use • Luxury LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  7. Connectivity • “Work anywhere” • Facilitate communication • Share/transfer data LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  8. Economy • Energy savings • Smart air conditioners • Smart lighting • Fuel savings • Fewer commutes • Less errands • Money savings • Better home economics • Security/monitoring LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  9. Ease of Use • Smart kitchen, integrated appliances • Configurability • “Calling the hot tub” LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  10. Luxury • Shallow prestige • “Cool” technology • and so on. LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  11. Networking “WiFi” 802.11a/b/g Ethernet X10 Power-networks Connectivity “Modems”/Dialup aDSL/sDSL Cable Modem Satellite Equipment Linksys Cisco Apple D-Link Belkin Providers Telcos ISPs TV Companies Technologies LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  12. Networking 101 • Networking is easy • Five basic concepts • Networks • Hosts • Routers • Bridges • Inter-networks --> The Internet LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  13. Network • Collection of hosts • Direct communication • Examples: • Local Area Networks (Ethernet, WiFi, Token-Ring) • USB: The Universal Serial Bus • Firewire/IEEE1384 LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  14. Host • Device on a network • Unique address • Capable of sending and/or receiving data • Examples: • Workstations/Computers • Printers • NAS/Network Attached Storage • Sensors • Routers LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  15. Router • Host • Connected to multiple networks • Selectively forwards data • Examples: • “Routers” • WiFi Access Points • NAT Boxes LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  16. Bridge • Device on two network • Not always a host • Indiscriminately forwards data • Effectively creates a larger virtual network • Examples: • WiFi Access Points LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  17. Inter-network • Multiple networks • Connected via routers • Inherently distributed • internet LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  18. The Internet • Worldwide network of networks • Single standard protocol • “The” Internet Protocol • IPv4 • IPv6 LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  19. Connecting the pieces • Three basic ways • Remote Node • Routed Local Network • Multiple Local Networks LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  20. 1: Remote Node Networks • Most basic connectivity • Modem connects a single host to a bigger network • Host is a distant, slow member of the larger network LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  21. 2: Routed Local Network • System with router becomes a router • Local hosts use the router to communicate externally • ...an inter-network LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  22. 3: Multiple Local Networks • More than one network • Router belongs to three networks • Often wired and wireless LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  23. Building a SOHO LAN • Connectivity • Hosts • Networks • Routers LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  24. Connectivity • Dial Up • DSL • Cable Modem • Satellite • Leased Line LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  25. Dial Up • Lowest cost • Slow • High Latency • Best for Type 1 • Often subsidized LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  26. DSL • Moderate cost • Typical: $50 • Maximum: $300+ • Minimum: $30 • High Speed • Low: 128Kbps • High: 6Mbps • Low Latency: about 10ms • Distance: 6000M limit • Asymmetric • Many pricing options • Regulatory issues LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  27. Cable Modem • Moderate Cost • Similar to DSL • Bundling of services • High Speed • Low: about 2Mbps • High: 10Mbps • Shared medium • Limited choice • Very restrictive service agreements LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  28. Satellite • Few geographic restrictions • Dual and single mode • VERY expensive • Variable data rates • High latency LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  29. Leased Line • Expensive • High quality • Many options • Service level agreements • Guaranteed bandwidth • Probably beyond SOHO’s needs • Borderline Enterprise LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  30. Hosts • What are you connecting? • Where are they located? • What are their needs? LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  31. What? • Computers/Workstations • Laptops • HTPCs LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  32. Where? • Point of Entry • Wired issues • Long cable runs • Access to wiring • Wireless issues • Distance and obstacles LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  33. Networks • Wired? • Wireless? • Both? • Security! LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  34. Wired • 100M cable run limits • Avoid coils • Purchased cables • Never quite right • Standard lengths • Reliable • Home-made • Always right fit • Need to test • Dexterity requirement LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  35. Wireless • Standards • 802.11b 11Mbps • 802.11g 54Mbps • Vendor extensions • MIMO • X-speed • etc. LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  36. Security • Defense in-depth • Anti Virus • Firewalls • Network Security • Updates LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  37. Anti-Virus • Any vendor will do • Subscription based • Keep it updated LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  38. Firewalls • Software • Run on the hosts • Won’t protect other hosts • Can operate on routers • Hardware • Custom devices • Built into routers (sometimes) • NAT is not Firewalling LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  39. Network Security • Wired networks-automatic • Wireless • WEP (poor choice) • WPA (better, not perfect) • Standards! LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  40. Updates • Update • Update • Update LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  41. Routers • All in one devices • Wired • Wireless • Modem • Router • Firewall • Nat LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  42. Fool Proof • Single Vendor • Vendor Guides • Expensive • Single-Source LA ACM Talk, SOHO Networking

  43. Fin. Thank You

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