THE BILL OF RIGHTS

1. THE BILL OF RIGHTS Created by Ms. Panasyan, Social Studies Coach Presentation based on Grade 8 United States History Content Standard 8.2.6

2. Introduction • The first Congress proposed a series of amendments to the Constitution of the United States in 1789. By December 1791, three forth of the states had ratified 10 amendments. They became known as the Bill of Rights

3. The Bill of Rights The first 10 amendments To the U. S. Constitution

4. Who determines what the Bill of Rights mean? • The Supreme Court makes rulings on the meaning • The Supreme Court balances the rights of the individual with the needs of society Individual?? Society??

5. Amendment 1: Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press,and Assembly • We can follow any religion • We can say our thoughts • The news papers can publish any articles • We can meet in groups

6. The first amendment—5 rights mentioned • Freedom of Speech • Freedom of Religion • Freedom of the Press • Freedom of Assembly • Right to petition the government

7. Five Rights in the Amendment • Freedom of Religion • Freedom of speech • Freedom of the press • Freedom of Assembly • Petition the government

8. Freedom of Religion • “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise there of” • Two clauses: • Establishment clause • Free Exercise clause

9. In schools, the religion issue is most prevalent If a student raises his hand and says “teacher, can we say an opening prayer before this test” If the teacher says: “Yes”, It looks like establishment of religion “No”, It is denying a student free exercise. Establishment and free exercise clause often conflict with each other

10. Teach about religions in school Allow voluntary prayer in many examples Transport students to a religious school Read Bible for culture or literacy content Set a state religion Government cannot order a prayer Teach religious doctrine in the school Pay seminary teachers Teach creationism Establishment clause-GovernmentCanCannot

11. Establishment Clause—Government cannot promote religion

12. Free exercise of religion

13. Choose whatever religion Lead a prayer in most examples Ask questions about religions Worship who ever you want Break the law and claim it is religious belief Raise children without education Deprave children of basic needs Free Exercise—The personCanCannot

14. Freedom of speech • “Congress shall make no laws . . . abridging the freedom of speech”

15. Free speech– The individual can: • Say any political belief • Protest (without getting out of control) • Say things about someone that are true • Burn the flag • Say racist and hate slogans • Free speech means someone might say something you disagree with

16. Free speech—limits on the person • Threaten to blow up airplanes, schools or the president • Sexual harassment • Create too much social chaos • Extremely crude language in a public form • Disrespectful, vulgar language in schools • Hate crimes

17. Freedom of the press • Congress shall make no law . . . abridging . . . the freedom of the press.”

18. Print any political position Make fun of people, especially politicians Expose wrongs by the government Say things you might not agree with Libel– intentionally injuring a person’s reputation by false facts Disclose defense-security secrets Detail how to make certain weapons Freedom of the press-the pressCan Cannot

19. Freedom of Assembly • Congress shall make no law . . . Abridging . . . The people to peaceably assemble”

20. Protest Parade (with a permit) Parade chanting hate slogans Gang members can congregate in public Protest by throwing rocks and breaking windows Hang out on private land against owners will—loitering Teen curfew Freedom of Assembly--IndividualCan Cannot

21. Petition the Government • “Congress shall make no law . . . Abridging . . . the people. . . to petition the government for a redress of grievances”

22. Petition the government • You may sue the government for wrongs • You cannot be punished for exposing wrongs by the government • The courts decide the wrongs

23. Amendment 2: The Right to Have Arms • We can have guns for protection. States can make laws about buying and keeping guns

24. 2nd Amendment—Right to bear arms • “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to bear arms shall not be infringed.”

25. How much can the government keep guns from criminals and youth? In order to keep guns away from criminals, does that limit the right of law abiding citizens? What is the debate with the right to bear arms?

26. Gun debate continued • Thousands of people die every year because of guns • Thousands of crimes are prevented because of guns Shoes representing gun deaths.

27. Amendment 3: Housing Soldiers • We do not have to let soldiers stay in our homes in peacetime. If there is a war, Congress can make a law to let soldiers stay in our homes

28. Third Amendment • The Government cannot force you to shelter soldiers in your home without your consent in time of war or peace.

29. Amendment 4: Searches and Arrest Warrants • Police cannot make unreasonable searches of our homes or take our things without warrant.

30. Rights of the Accused Amendments #4-8 Important to preserve freedom

31. Fourth Amendment • What does a policeman need in order to search your home? • A warrant given to him by a judge • Probable cause is also needed

32. Amendment 5: Rights of People Accused of a Crime • You do not go to a second trial for the same crime if a judge says you are free at the first trial • You do not have to answer questions at your trial

33. Fifth Amendment • You cannot be tried for the same crime twice—called “Double Jeopardy” • You do not have to testify against your self. “I plead the fifth” • You must have due process of law before you are convicted • The government cannot take your land unless it pays.

34. Amendment 6: Right to a Fair and Speedy Trial • If you are accused of a crime, you have a right to a speedy and public trial with a jury • You can have a public lawyer • The lawyer can ask all witnesses questions • You can have defense witnesses

35. Sixth Amendment • Right to speedy trial by impartial jury—meaning not favoring either side

36. Sixth Amendment continued • You must be told of charges • You must be provided a lawyer if you cannot afford one

37. Amendment 7: Right to a Jury Trial in Civil Cases • You can have a trial by jury if the money in the case is over twenty ($20) dollars

38. Amendment 8: Bails, Fines and Punishment • A judge cannot charge you unreasonable bail • A judge cannot charge you unreasonable fines • A judge or the police cannot give you unreasonable punishment

39. Eighth Amendment • No excessive bail • No cruel and unusual punishment Prisoner kissing his Mom in prison

40. Amendment 9: The People Keep Some Rights • The Constitution lists many rights of the people, but it does not lists all the rights • The people have other rights too • The rights that are not listed in the Constitution are kept by the people

41. Amendment 10: The States or People Keep Some Powers • The Constitution lists some powers for the states, but it cannot list all the powers • There are other powers for the states and for the people