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Stamp Tax. The colonists had really not been heavily taxed by Britain. Mother country was in debt and wanted colonists to foot some of the bill. First was the Sugar Law – colonists unhappy but are pacified. Quartering Act – Colonists unhappy again
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Stamp Tax The colonists had really not been heavily taxed by Britain. Mother country was in debt and wanted colonists to foot some of the bill. First was the Sugar Law – colonists unhappy but are pacified. Quartering Act – Colonists unhappy again Stamp Act – Straw that broke the camel’s back!!!
Colonists Response • Stamp Act was to offset some of the cost of British troops in America. • Colonists no longer felt the need for protection. • They cried, “No taxation without representation”. • PM Grenville argued that they had “virtual representation”. • Americans are once again called to rally together.
Stamp Act Congress of 1765 • Nine of the colonies sent Reps. • Little attention paid in England or America • Set off nonimportation agreements of British goods. • Americans hit the British below the belt • There was also some mob activity. • Stamp Act was repealed.
Effects? • Great Britain was embarrassed. • Americans learned valuable lesson – they had power when they pooled resources • Great Britain was still in debt and needed money from the colonists.
Townshend Act • Parliament then decided to tax various items at the ports – colonists won’t pay directly – tea included. • Wrong! Any tax was repugnant. It was the idea, not the money. • Really didn’t make any money for Britain, but made colonists mad again.
Samual Adams • Fiery orator who saw the importance of propaganda to fuel discontent. • Organized committee of correspondence to spread info throughout town. • Idea caught on in each colony and they followed Adams’ lead. • Soon, information flowed through the colonies with amazing swiftness.
PARTY TIME!!“Boston Style” • BEIC was given exclusive rights to sell tea to colonies. • They paid the price! • Groups in Boston and Annapolis began dumping tea into the harbors. • Brits and some Americans saw these acts as “going overboard” – pun intended.
Reaction Time • In 1774, Parliament passed strict laws punishing Massachusetts. • Americans referred to them as Intolerable Acts. • Rights were cancelled and they suffered economic restrictions. • Quebec Act angered most Americans b/c of the Catholic issue.
Continental Congress • 1st Congress met in Philly for 7 wks (1774) • 12 of 13 colonies sent representatives • Purpose was to site colonial grievances to England. • The Association was created to boycott all British goods • They were to meet again in a year if not successful.
Fightin’ • April of 1775, redcoats fired on colonials at Lexington. • 8 Americans were killed! • British headed to Concord where they met with real resistance. • Over 300 British casualties.
American Advantages • Americans were fighting for a cause – justice!!! • Americans were fighting at home, close supplies. • Few major Am. Cities meant that if one fell, it was not a fatal blow. • Solid leadership on and off battlefield. • Support for Am. in England & France
American Disadvantages • Poorly trained and supplied army. • Rally cry early on was for justice, not freedom. • Economic problems worsened and troops were hungry. • Lack of true gov’t to coordinate. • Bottom line – still not unified.
Summation of Chapter 7 • Americans by 1775 believed they were being mistreated – taxes!! • Most were still loyal to the king and crown • Fighting to this point was to make a point • There was still no Declaration of Independence!!
