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Migration in West Africa– Governance and Links to Labour Markets OECD and UNDP – Dakar

Lead into the Workshop: The Governance of Migration. Abla Safir Poverty Reduction and Social Development Unit OECD Development Centre. Migration in West Africa– Governance and Links to Labour Markets OECD and UNDP – Dakar. 25 March 2010. Outline.

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Migration in West Africa– Governance and Links to Labour Markets OECD and UNDP – Dakar

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  1. Lead into the Workshop: The Governance of Migration Abla Safir Poverty Reduction and Social Development Unit OECD Development Centre Migration in West Africa– Governance and Links to Labour Markets OECD and UNDP – Dakar 25 March 2010

  2. Outline • Presentation of the Effective Partnerships Project • Governance of Migration: Definition and Issues • The Different Levels of the Governance of Migration • Problematic Evaluation of Specific Policies

  3. The Effective Partnerships Project • A project on migration funded by the MacArthur Foundation • Thematic and regional focus • Themes: Governance and Links to Labour Markets • Regions: Central America and West Africa • Particular interest in topics seldom covered • Impact of emigration on sending countries’ labour markets • South-South migration

  4. The Governance of Migration • Governance of Migration : how formal and informal rules are created, managed and enforced, setting constraints and incentives on migration and migration-induced flows • Governance at all levels: from global to national

  5. Global Governance of Migration • WMO difficult to set in theory • Governments, in particular in receiving countries, very reluctant to holding multilateral negotiations on migration • Consensus on some issues

  6. Regional Governance of Migration • The natural institutions to manage migration? • Regional and extra-regional migration? • In the regions we study: • Central America: Regional Conference on Migration • West Africa: a lot of ambition but little success in managing intra-regional migration (OECD 2009)

  7. Is South-South Migration Better Managed than South-North Migration? • South country in better position to negotiate with another South country? • Cultural / identity issues easier to solve? • But workers more likely to be substitutes than in the case of South-North migration? • Historically, examples of bad governance of South-South migration

  8. Bilateral Agreements - South-North Migration • The favourite tool of receiving countries • Seemingly little bargaining power of sending countries

  9. Impact of Migration Policies: What do we know? • Lack of information on the impact of specific policies • Lack of data • Lack of ex-ante designs to allow for impact evaluation of policies • The little we know: • Restrictive policies seem to decrease immigration • In Central America: NAFTA and more border controls have limited impact • Permanent migration programme from Tonga to New Zealand

  10. An example: temporary and circular migration • Much ado with no information? • An exception: McKenzie and Gibson (2008) examine the poverty impact of a seasonal migration program for low-skilled in New Zealand

  11. We look forward to an informative workshop! www.oecd.org/dev/migration Migration in West Africa– Governance and Links to Labour Markets OECD and UNDP – Dakar 25 March 2010

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