The Urinary System

1. The Urinary System Anatomy & Histology Urine Production Urine Movement Regulation Grab Bag $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

2. Anatomy and Histology: $100 Question • This urinary system organ removes waste products from the body and helps regulate blood pressure: • a. liver • b. heart • c. kidney • d. lungs ANSWER BACK TO GAME

3. Anatomy and Histology: $100 Answer • This urinary system organ removes waste products from the body and helps regulate blood pressure: • a. liver • b. heart • c. kidney • d. lungs BACK TO GAME

4. Anatomy and Histology: $200 Question • This is the basic histological and functional unit of the kidney: • a. glomerulus • b. filtration membrane • c. nephron • d. podocyte • e. renal corpuscle ANSWER BACK TO GAME

5. Anatomy and Histology: $200 Answer • This is the basic histological and functional unit of the kidney: • a. glomerulus • b. filtration membrane • c. nephron • d. podocyte • e. renal corpuscle BACK TO GAME

6. Anatomy and Histology: $300 Question • The major calyces of the kidney converge to form this enlarged channel: • a. renal fascia • b. renal pelvis • c. renal pyramids • d. renal papillae • e. renal sinus ANSWER BACK TO GAME

7. Anatomy and Histology: $300 Answer • The major calyces of the kidney converge to form this enlarged channel: • a. renal fascia • b. renal pelvis • c. renal pyramids • d. renal papillae • e. renal sinus BACK TO GAME

8. Anatomy and Histology: $400 Question • The juxtaglomerular cells of the _____________ and the macula densa cells of the _____________ form the juxtaglomerular apparatus. • a. afferent arteriole, distal tubule • b. afferent arteriole, proximal tubule • c. efferent arteriole, proximal tubule • d. efferent arteriole, distal tubule ANSWER BACK TO GAME

9. Anatomy and Histology: $400 Answer • The juxtaglomerular cells of the _____________ and the macula densa cells of the _____________ form the juxtaglomerular apparatus. • a. afferent arteriole, distal tubule • b. afferent arteriole, proximal tubule • c. efferent arteriole, proximal tubule • d. efferent arteriole, distal tubule BACK TO GAME

10. Anatomy and Histology: $500 Question • Given these parts of a nephron: 1. renal corpuscle 2. collecting duct 3. loop of Henle 4. distal tubule 5. proximal tubuleArrange the parts in order as fluid flows from the filtration membrane through the nephron. • a. 1,5,3,4,2 c. 2,1,4,5,3 • b. 2,4,1,3,5 d. 4,2,3,5,1 ANSWER BACK TO GAME

11. Anatomy and Histology: $500 Answer • Given these parts of a nephron: 1. renal corpuscle 2. collecting duct 3. loop of Henle 4. distal tubule 5. proximal tubuleArrange the parts in order as fluid flows from the filtration membrane through the nephron. • a. 1,5,3,4,2 c. 2,1,4,5,3 • b. 2,4,1,3,5 d. 4,2,3,5,1 BACK TO GAME

12. Urine Production: $100 Question • This process of urine production is the active transport of solutes across the walls of the nephron into the filtrate: • a. filtration • b. tubular reabsorption • c. tubular secretion • d. filtration fraction ANSWER BACK TO GAME

13. Urine Production: $100 Answer • This process of urine production is the active transport of solutes across the walls of the nephron into the filtrate: • a. filtration • b. tubular reabsorption • c. tubular secretion • d. filtration fraction BACK TO GAME

14. Urine Production: $200 Question • These substances normally cannot pass through the filtration membrane: • a. hemoglobin • b. water • c. sodium ions • d. bicarbonate ions • e. glucose ANSWER BACK TO GAME

15. Urine Production: $200 Answer • These substances normally cannot pass through the filtration membrane: • a. hemoglobin • b. water • c. sodium ions • d. bicarbonate ions • e. glucose BACK TO GAME

16. Urine Production: $300 Question • By the time the filtrate reaches this, the glucose is usually completely reabsorbed: • a. the end of the proximal tubule • b. the tip of the loop of Henle • c. the end of the distal tubule • d. the end of the collecting duct • e. Bowman's capsule ANSWER BACK TO GAME

17. Urine Production: $300 Answer • By the time the filtrate reaches this, the glucose is usually completely reabsorbed: • a. the end of the proximal tubule • b. the tip of the loop of Henle • c. the end of the distal tubule • d. the end of the collecting duct • e. Bowman's capsule BACK TO GAME

18. Urine Production: $400 Question • A decrease in systemic blood pressure results in dilation of the afferent arterioles which prevents a decrease in renal blood flow and filtration pressure. • True/False ANSWER BACK TO GAME

19. Urine Production: $400 Answer • A decrease in systemic blood pressure results in dilation of the afferent arterioles which prevents a decrease in renal blood flow and filtration pressure. • True/False BACK TO GAME

20. Urine Production: $500 Question • Drinking a large amount of beer results in this: • a. increased aldosterone secretion • b. increased permeability of the collecting ducts of the nephrons • c. decreased urine osmolality • d. increased urine volume • e. both c and d ANSWER BACK TO GAME

21. Urine Production: $500 Answer • Drinking a large amount of beer results in this: • a. increased aldosterone secretion • b. increased permeability of the collecting ducts of the nephrons • c. decreased urine osmolality • d. increased urine volume • e. both c and d BACK TO GAME

22. Regulation: $100 Question • This hormone secreted by the kidney triggers a cascade that regulates blood Na+ and blood pressure: • a. erythropoietin • b. vasopressin • c. renin • d. angiotensin ANSWER BACK TO GAME

23. Regulation: $100 Answer • This hormone secreted by the kidney triggers a cascade that regulates blood Na+ and blood pressure: • a. erythropoietin • b. vasopressin • c. renin • d. angiotensin BACK TO GAME

24. Regulation: $200 Question • This effect is caused by increased aldosterone levels: • a. increased reabsorption of Na+ • b. decreased blood volume • c. decreased reabsorption of Cl- • d. increased permeability of the distal tubule to water • e. increased volume of urine ANSWER BACK TO GAME

25. Regulation: $200 Answer • This effect is caused by increased aldosterone levels: • a. increased reabsorption of Na+ • b. decreased blood volume • c. decreased reabsorption of Cl- • d. increased permeability of the distal tubule to water • e. increased volume of urine BACK TO GAME

26. Regulation: $300 Question • Diuretics affect the urine in this manner: • a. decrease the urine flow • b. increase the urine flow • c. increase the cellular composition of the urine • d. none of the above ANSWER BACK TO GAME

27. Regulation: $300 Answer • Diuretics affect the urine in this manner: • a. decrease the urine flow • b. increase the urine flow • c. increase the cellular composition of the urine • d. none of the above BACK TO GAME

28. Regulation: $400 Question • This statement best describes principal cells in the distal tubules and collecting duct: • a. secrete renin • b. respond to ADH and aldosterone • c. respond to ADH only • d. respond to aldosterone only ANSWER BACK TO GAME

29. Regulation: $400 Answer • This statement best describes principal cells in the distal tubules and collecting duct: • a. secrete renin • b. respond to ADH and aldosterone • c. respond to ADH only • d. respond to aldosterone only BACK TO GAME

30. Regulation: $500 Question • Putting a patient with hypertension on a low-sodium diet would have this effect: • a. reduces the osmolality of blood • b. ADH secretion is inhibited • c. produces dilute urine and eliminates water • d. reduces blood volume and blood pressure • e. all of these ANSWER BACK TO GAME

31. Regulation: $500 Answer • Putting a patient with hypertension on a low-sodium diet would have this effect: • a. reduces the osmolality of blood • b. ADH secretion is inhibited • c. produces dilute urine and eliminates water • d. reduces blood volume and blood pressure • e. all of these BACK TO GAME

32. Urine Movement:$100 Question • This small tube leads from the floor of the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body: • a. renal pelvis • b. ureter • c. urethra • d. calyx ANSWER BACK TO GAME

33. Urine Movement:$100 Answer • This small tube leads from the floor of the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body: • a. renal pelvis • b. ureter • c. urethra • d. calyx BACK TO GAME

34. Urine Movement: $200 Question • This is the principal function of the ureter: • a. transport blood to the efferent arterioles • b. transport urine from the renal pelvis into the urinary bladder • c. transport glucose and protein into the renal pelvis • d. none of the above ANSWER BACK TO GAME

35. Urine Movement: $200 Answer • This is the principal function of the ureter: • a. transport blood to the efferent arterioles • b. transport urine from the renal pelvis into the urinary bladder • c. transport glucose and protein into the renal pelvis • d. none of the above BACK TO GAME

36. Urine Movement: $300 Question • The urinary bladder can contain 1 L of urine, but discomfort becomes noticeable when the volume exceeds 500mL. • True/False ANSWER BACK TO GAME

37. Urine Movement: $300 Answer • The urinary bladder can contain 1 L of urine, but discomfort becomes noticeable when the volume exceeds 500mL. • True/False BACK TO GAME

38. Urine Movement: $400 Question • The urinary bladder is lined with this tissue: • a. simple cuboidal epithelium • b. simple columnar epithelium • c. smooth muscle • d. transitional epithelium ANSWER BACK TO GAME

39. Urine Movement: $400 Answer • The urinary bladder is lined with this tissue: • a. simple cuboidal epithelium • b. simple columnar epithelium • c. smooth muscle • d. transitional epithelium BACK TO GAME

40. Urine Movement:$500 Question • This triangular area of the urinary bladder is between the two ureters posteriorly and the urethra anteriorly: • a. external urinary sphincter • b. internal urinary sphincter • c. smooth muscle • d. transitional epithelium • e. trigone ANSWER BACK TO GAME

41. Urine Movement:$500 Answer • This triangular area of the urinary bladder is between the two ureters posteriorly and the urethra anteriorly: • a. external urinary sphincter • b. internal urinary sphincter • c. smooth muscle • d. transitional epithelium • e. trigone BACK TO GAME

42. Grab Bag:$100 Question • Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney through this: • a. renal hilus • b. renal sinus • c. renal calyces • d. adrenal glands ANSWER BACK TO GAME

43. Grab Bag: $100 Answer • Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney through this: • a. renal hilus • b. renal sinus • c. renal calyces • d. adrenal glands BACK TO GAME

44. Grab Bag: $200 Question • The cortex of the kidney contains this: • a. hilus • b. glomeruli • c. perirenal fat • d. renal pyramids • e. renal pelvis ANSWER BACK TO GAME

45. Grab Bag: $200 Answer • The cortex of the kidney contains this: • a. hilus • b. glomeruli • c. perirenal fat • d. renal pyramids • e. renal pelvis BACK TO GAME

46. Grab Bag: $300 Question • Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism: • a. active transport • b. filtration into the capillary network • c. osmosis • d. facilitated diffusion • e. cotransport ANSWER BACK TO GAME

47. Grab Bag: $300 Answer • Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism: • a. active transport • b. filtration into the capillary network • c. osmosis • d. facilitated diffusion • e. cotransport BACK TO GAME

48. Grab Bag: $400 Question • This condition reduces filtration pressure in the glomerulus: • a. elevated blood pressure • b. constriction of the afferent arterioles • c. decreased plasma protein in the glomerulus • d. dilation of the afferent arterioles • e. decreased capsule pressure ANSWER BACK TO GAME

49. Grab Bag: $400 Answer • This condition reduces filtration pressure in the glomerulus: • a. elevated blood pressure • b. constriction of the afferent arterioles • c. decreased plasma protein in the glomerulus • d. dilation of the afferent arterioles • e. decreased capsule pressure BACK TO GAME

50. Grab Bag: $500 Question • Given these vessels: 1. arcuate vein 2. afferent arteriole 3. efferent arteriole 4. interlobular vein 5. peritubular capillariesArrange the vessels in the order in which a drop of blood from the interlobular artery passes through them. • a. 1,2,4,5,3 b. 2,3,5,4,1 • c. 4,2,5,3,1 d. 5,2,4,1,3 ANSWER BACK TO GAME