Perpetual Motion Machines ME 3322

1. Perpetual Motion MachinesME 3322 Justin Scruggs

2. Definitions • Perpetual Motion • Movement that goes on forever • Perpetual Motion Machine • Any closed system that produces more energy than it consumes Robert Fludd's “Water Screw“ 1618

3. Classifications • Perpetual Motion of the First Kind • Refers to machines whose efficiency is > 100% • Produces energy from nothing (“free energy”) • Violates First Law of Thermodynamics - + Wcycl • ∆E = Q - W η = Qin * (∆E)cycl= 0

4. Classifications • Perpetual Motion of the Second Kind • Refers to machines which extract thermal energy from a single source and convert it into mechanical work • Violates Second Law of Thermodynamics < 0: Internal irreversibilities = 0: No internal irreversibilities - σcycle • Wcycl Qcycl = Wcycl

5. Classifications • Perpetual Motion of the Third Kind • Refers to machines in which all mechanisms by which energy is dissipated is eliminated (i.e. friction, air resistance, etc.) • Can be approximated but never achieved due to irreversibilities • In theory, if achieved, the machine is still limited by the First Law of Thermodynamics

6. The Overbalanced Wheel • Idea • Initially thought longer lever arm on right would turn wheel • Results • Larger # of weights on left side balanced out the torque

7. The Float Belt • Idea • Initially thought that floaters would rise through liquid and turn belt • Results • Pushing floaters into liquid at bottom required more energy

8. The Capillary Bowl • Idea • The capillary action would keep the water flowing in the tube • Results • Force from mass of water was larger than the force generated by the capillary action

9. The Magnetic Motor • Idea • Utilize a shield to block magnetic field in desired locations to create a couple on armature • Results • The field due to the symmetric array of outer magnets is zero at the center

10. Sources • www.wikipedia.org • Perpetual Motion • www.answers.com • Perpetual Motion • www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek • The Museum of Unworkable Devices • www.kilty.com/pmotion.htm

11. Questions???