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Reactions as acids

Reactions as acids. Reactions of alcohols with sodium. Alcohols react with the reactive metal sodium, forming a sodium salt and hydrogen For example, ethanol reacts with sodium forming sodium ethoxide and hydrogen. Reaction of ethanol with sodium. Acidic nature of the carboxylic acid group.

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Reactions as acids

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  1. Reactions as acids

  2. Reactions of alcohols with sodium • Alcohols react with the reactive metal sodium, forming a sodium salt and hydrogen • For example, ethanol reacts with sodium forming sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

  3. Reaction of ethanol with sodium

  4. Acidic nature of the carboxylic acid group • Ethanoic acid is a far stronger acid than ethanol • This is because its anion is much more stable than that of ethanol • This enables it to lose a hydrogen ion more readily • The stability of the ethanoate ion is due to electron delocalisation (as in benzene)

  5. Reactions of carboxylic acids as acids • Carboxylic acids react with: • Magnesium, forming a magnesium salt and hydrogen • Sodium hydroxide, forming a sodium salt and hydrogen • Sodium carbonate, forming a sodium salt , carbon dioxide and water

  6. Reaction of ethanoic acid with magnesium • Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen 2 CH3COOH + Mg → (CH3COO)2Mg + H2 ethanoic acid magnesium ethanoate

  7. Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium hydroxide • Acid + Base → Salt + Water CH3COOH + NaOH→ CH3COONa + H2O ethanoic acid sodium ethanoate

  8. Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3→ 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 ethanoic acid sodium ethanoate

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