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Chemistry 19.4

Section 19.4. Chemistry 19.4. Neutralization Reactions. Neutralization Reactions. 19.4.

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Chemistry 19.4

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  1. Section 19.4 Chemistry 19.4 Neutralization Reactions

  2. Neutralization Reactions 19.4 • Excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach can cause heartburn and a feeling of nausea. Antacids neutralize the stomach acid and relieve the pain of acid indigestion. You will learn what a neutralization reaction is.

  3. 19.4 Acid-Base Reactions • Acid-Base Reactions • What are the products of the reaction of an acid with a base?

  4. 19.4 Acid-Base Reactions • In general, the reaction of an acid with a base produces water and one of a class of compounds called salts.

  5. 19.4 Acid-Base Reactions • Reactions in which an acid and a base react in an aqueous solution to produce a salt and water are generally called neutralization reactions.

  6. 19.4 Acid-Base Reactions

  7. 19.4 Titration • Titration • What is the endpoint of a titration?

  8. 19.4 Titration • The process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution is called titration. • The point of neutralization is the end point of the titration.

  9. 19.4 Titration • When an acid and base are mixed, the equivalence point is when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions.

  10. 19.6

  11. 19.6

  12. 19.6

  13. 19.6

  14. 19.4 Titration • The solution of known concentration that you start with is called the standard solution. • Indicators are often used to determine when enough of the standard solution has been added to neutralize the acid or base. • The point at which the indicator changes color is the end point of the titration.

  15. 19.4 Titration Added base is measured with a buret. Color change shows neutralization. Acid solution with indicator

  16. 19.4 Titration

  17. 19.7

  18. 19.7

  19. 19.7 OR Where: Mb = Molarity of the base Vb = Volume of the base Ma = Molarity of the acid Va = Volume of the acid Z = # of H ions in the acid

  20. 19.7

  21. 19.4 Section Quiz • 1. When a neutralization takes place, one of the products is always • carbon dioxide. • a salt. • sodium chloride. • a precipitate.

  22. 19.4 Section Quiz • 2. In a titration, 45.0 mL of KOH is neutralized by 75.0 mL of 0.30M HBr. What is the concentration of the KOH solution? • 0.18M • 0.60M • 0.25M • 0.50M

  23. 19.4 Section Quiz • 3. How many moles of HCl are required to neutralize an aqueous solution of 2.0 mol Ca(OH)2? • 0.5 mol • 1.0 mol • 2.0 mol • 4.0 mol

  24. 19.4 Section Quiz • 4. In which of the following neutralization titrations of 1-molar solutions of H2SO4 and NaOH will the equivalence point be reached at the very end of the additions? • H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)  Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(aq) • 200 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH • 200 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH • 100 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH • 100 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH

  25. The End

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