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Nuclear Force (Origin of Binding)

Nuclear Force (Origin of Binding). Recall Atomic Binding Energies for hydrogen like atoms :. =1. Dimensionless fine structure constant. Coulomb. with Bohr radii :. Coupling constant  Strength. Charge. Mediators (Bosons). . Other Forces !. Nuclear Force. Chromodynamics.

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Nuclear Force (Origin of Binding)

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  1. Nuclear Force (Origin of Binding) RecallAtomic Binding Energies for hydrogen like atoms: =1 Dimensionless fine structure constant. Coulomb with Bohr radii: • Coupling constant  Strength. • Charge. • Mediators (Bosons). Other Forces ! Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

  2. Nuclear Force Chromodynamics The deuteron: proton-neutron bound state. !!!!!!!!! QCD Color charge! !!!!!!!!! QFT HW 17 Hydrogen: E1 = … eV r1 = …x10-10 m Positronium: E1 = … eV Deuteron: E1 = … MeV r1 = …x10-15 m Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

  3. Nuclear Force Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

  4. Nuclear Force Attractive but repulsive core. At what separation? • Saturation? • Get an estimate for nuclear density and thus inter-nucleon distance. Have you done that? Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

  5. Nuclear Force Is the nucleon bounded equally to every other nucleon? C ≡ this presumed binding energy. Btot = C(A-1)  A  ½ Bave = ½ C(A-1) Linear ??!!! Directly proportional ??!!!Clearly wrong … !  wrong assumption finite range of strong force, and force saturation. Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

  6. Nuclear Force • Rate of decay or interaction R  (E). • Coupling constant . Vertices in the diagrams. • For decays R  1/T. (T  Lifetime). • The density of states  is a measure of the number of quantum mechanical states per unit energy range that are available for the final products. The more states that are available, the higher the transition rate. • The coupling constant  can be interpreted as an intrinsic rate. Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

  7. Nuclear Force • Electrostatic and gravitational potential  long range (V1/r). • Near constancy of nuclear binding energy per nucleon B/A means that each nucleon feels only the effect of a few neighbors. This is called saturation. It implies also that the strong internucleon potential is short range. • Range is of order of the 1.8 fm internucleon separation. • Since volume A, nuclei do not collapse, there is a very short range repulsive component. • Exchange. • Some particles are immune. Like what? • Is nuclear physics just quark chemistry? • Charge independence. • Spin dependence. (Deuteron). • Non-central (tensor) component conservation of orbital angular momentum….? Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh).

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