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Descriptive Methods

Descriptive Methods. Naturalistic Observation. AKA “field operation” Observing natural or true behaviors High in ecological validity (external validity) Extent to which research can be generalized to real-life situations Two Options Nonparticipant observation Participant observation.

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Descriptive Methods

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  1. Descriptive Methods

  2. Naturalistic Observation • AKA “field operation” • Observing natural or true behaviors • High in ecological validity (external validity) • Extent to which research can be generalized to real-life situations • Two Options • Nonparticipant observation • Participant observation

  3. Disguised observation • Participants are unaware that the researcher is observing their behavior • Unobtrusive • Minimizes reactivity • Concerned with expectancy effects • Desired outcome by experimenters

  4. Laboratory Observation • Systematic observations • Control high internal validity • Reactivity and expectancy effects still concern

  5. Data Collection • Narrative Records-full description • Checklists • Time • Location • Measures beh • Yes / no • Time series

  6. Qualitative Research • Field settings • Unstructure • No manipulation • Case studies • Archival Method • Interviews • Action Research

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