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FUNDAMENTALS OF PARTY HISTORY

FUNDAMENTALS OF PARTY HISTORY. Party C ycles party control typically shifts every 30 or 40 years sometimes change is incremetal, sometimes cataclysmic.

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FUNDAMENTALS OF PARTY HISTORY

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  1. FUNDAMENTALS OF PARTY HISTORY

  2. Party Cyclesparty control typically shifts every 30 or 40 yearssometimes change is incremetal, sometimes cataclysmic • Federalists vs. antiFederalists---developmental period when constitutional government was just getting started---marked by competing philosophies of Hamilton and Jefferson---central power vs states rights • Democrats vs Whigs---Andy Jackson was the focus point---Democrats were the renergized Jeffersonians, Whigs were a coalition party linked by common dislike of Jackson---northern industrialists and southern planters • Pre Civil War---Democrats were pro slavery southerners and more moderate northerners, Republican Party is born as the anti slavery party and becomes the party of Lincoln---more extreme party---anti slave faction and pro business northerners---Republicans controlled Civil War and then reconstruction---reinforced southerners as democrats---1876 Tilden/Hayes election ended Reconstruction and led to Jim Crow laws in the south • Republican dominated Gilded Age---robber barons, monopolies and the Industrial revolution---stock market crash in 1929 ends the period • Democratic dominated period of FDR and the New Deal---interesting coalition of racial and ethnic minority working class and white southerners---more activist central government to solve problems of depression and WWII

  3. Realignment vs Dealignmentparty association/identification • 1932is a realignment election as blacks leave the Republican Party and support FDR---they have remained Democrats--- • southern whites illustrate dealignment---start becoming disatisfied with national Democratic Party in the 1940’s and 50’s as civil rights were elevated as a party platform---remained Democrats for many years in state and local politics while voting Republican for president---very difficult culturally to switch to the party of Lincoln and Reconstruction---became much more popular for southern whites to become Republicans with Ronald Reagan in the 1980’s---accelerated with Newt Gingrich in the 90’s and continued with President Bush in 2000---consider white southerners as being an incremental extended dealignment to eventual realignment • 1968 modern political history is characterized with a competitive two party system with republicans and democrats taking turns as the majority---both would like to argue majority status but the period is clearly marked by competitiveness---southern whites and their dealignment is a focal point---White House largely controlled by Republicans, Congress generally by Democrats---

  4. POLITICAL CONTINUUM • strong conservative movement in the Republican party---they have to unseat the New Deal---this takes awhile---moderate Republicans largely support many elements • Robert Taft (1950’s) • Barry Goldwater (1960’s) • Ronald Reagan (1980’s) • Newt Gingrich (1990’s) • George W Bush (2000’s) • internal Republican conflict between conservative right and moderate center • Democrats have a continuous conflict between the progressive left and the moderate center led by those white southerners that stay in the party---DLC vs. Jesse Jackson Religious Right Tea Party Jesse Jackson wing DLC/ Bill Clinton Reagan Liberal (Progressive) Moderate (center) Conservative

  5. Realignment vs Dealignmentparty association/identification • 1970’s Nixon and Gerald Ford are both moderate Republicans---Watergate dominates and overshadows quite a few good things Jimmy Carter----“one termer”---crippling recession and Iranian hostages • 1980’s Ronald Reagan and Republican conservatism dominate the decade---weakened Democrats engaged in internal conflict between moderates and progressives---DLC vs Jesse Jackson wing • 1990’sBill Clinton vs Newt Gingrich----the DLC and Democratic moderates take control of party and move it to the center---Newt Gingrich moves to broaden the reach and influence of republican Party and conservatism---focus on state and local offices--Gingrich and the Republicans regain control of the Congress in 1994 midterm • 2000 George W Bush----social, economic and foreign policy conservatism---divisive more partisan politics continues----Bush’s second term spoiled with Iraq war fatigue, Katrina missteps and Wall Street meltdown----Democrats regain control of Congress in 2006 midterms • 2008 Historic election of Barack Obama----first black president; primary vs Hillary Clinton; Sarah Palin first female on Republican ticket ----tremendous optimism for Democrats

  6. Red, Blue, Purple • Red states--Republican • blue states--Democrat • purple states--“not so simple”

  7. Policy Triangleeconomic policy, foreign policy, domestic policyassessment of presidential and party success Foreign Policy • Obama-Afghanistan-Iran-Guatanamo Bay/Terrorism Bush Obama Bush Obama Bush Economic Policy Domestic Policy

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