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Exploring Blood Vessels: Capillaries, Pressure, and Circulation

Dive into the intricate world of blood vessels, from capillary characteristics to arterial pressure regulation. Learn why blood flows differently in various vessels and understand the impact of conditions like varicose veins. Discover how exercise affects blood pressure and grasp the importance of maintaining optimal circulation. Test your knowledge with engaging quizzes and unravel the mysteries of the cardiovascular system in this informative chapter.

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Exploring Blood Vessels: Capillaries, Pressure, and Circulation

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  1. Chapter 19 – Blood Vessels It’s Not All in “Vein” Under Pressure Special Circulation Go with the Flow Road to Ruin $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

  2. Go with the Flow:$100 Question Which of the following is an important characteristic of capillaries? a. Blood flows through them quickly and exchange occurs slowly. b. Blood flows through them slowly and exchange occurs quickly. c. They expand and recoil with elastic rebound. d. None of these is correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  3. Go with the Flow:$100 Answer Which of the following is an important characteristic of capillaries? a. Blood flows through them quickly and exchange occurs slowly. b. Blood flows through them slowly and exchange occurs quickly. c. They expand and recoil with elastic rebound. d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME

  4. Go with the Flow:$200 Question Georgia stands all day at her job, from what condition may she begin to suffer? a. An aneurysm b. Varicose veins c. Atherosclerosis d. High blood pressure ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  5. Go with the Flow:$200 Answer Georgia stands all day at her job, from what condition may she begin to suffer? a. An aneurysm b. Varicose veins c. Atherosclerosis d. High blood pressure BACK TO GAME

  6. Go with the Flow:$300 Question Why does blood pressure increase during exercise? a. Because cardiac output increases b. Because resistance in visceral tissues increases c. Because generating muscular heat constricts arteries d. A and B are correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  7. Go with the Flow:$300 Answer Why does blood pressure increase during exercise? a. Because cardiac output increases b. Because resistance in visceral tissues increases c. Because generating muscular heat constricts arteries d. A and B are correct. BACK TO GAME

  8. Go with the Flow:$400 Question While standing in the hot sun, Sally begins to feel light headed and faints. Explain. a. Blood has pooled in her lower limbs. b. Cardiac output has decreased, sending less blood to the brain. c. Sweating has reduced blood volume. d. All of the above have occurred. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  9. Go with the Flow:$400 Answer While standing in the hot sun, Sally begins to feel light headed and faints. Explain. a. Blood has pooled in her lower limbs. b. Cardiac output has decreased, sending less blood to the brain. c. Sweating has reduced blood volume. d. All of the above have occurred. BACK TO GAME

  10. Go with the Flow:$500 Question Trace blood from the aortic arch to the right thumb. a = artery and v = vein | R = right and L = left a. R. subclavian a.  R. axillary a.  R. brachial a.  R. ulnar a.  Palmar arches b. R. radial v.  R. brachial v.  R. axillary v.  R. subclavian v.  Brachiocephalic v. c. Brachiocephalic a.  R. subclavian a.  R. axillary a.  R. brachial a.  R. radial a.  Palmar arches d. None of these is correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  11. Go with the Flow:$500 Answer Trace blood from the aortic arch to the right thumb. a = artery and v = vein | R = right and L = left a. R. subclavian a.  R. axillary a.  R. brachial a.  R. ulnar a.  Palmar arches b. R. radial v.  R. brachial v.  R. axillary v.  R. subclavian v.  Brachiocephalic v. c. Brachiocephalic a.  R. subclavian a.  R. axillary a.  R. brachial a.  R. radial a.  Palmar arches d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME

  12. Under Pressure:$100 Question Why is blood pressure higher in the aorta than in the inferior vena cava? a. The diameter of the aorta is smaller and velocity or blood flow is also greater. b. Cross-sectional area of both is the same, but velocity is higher in the inferior vena cava. c. Arterial branching is less than that ofarteries. d. The aorta is shorter than the inferior vena cava. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  13. Under Pressure:$100 Answer Why is blood pressure higher in the aorta than in the inferior vena cava? a. The diameter of the aorta is smaller and velocity or blood flow is also greater. b. The cross-sectional area of both is the same, but velocity is higher in the inferior vena cava. c. Arterial branching is less than that ofarteries. d. The aorta is shorter than the inferior vena cava. BACK TO GAME

  14. Under Pressure:$200 Question Why does most filtration take place at the arterial end of a capillary? a. CHP is higher at the arterial end. b. Fenestrations are larger in diameter. c. There are more solutes to be filtered there. d. Blood colloidal osmotic pressure is greater there. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  15. Under Pressure:$200 Answer Why does most filtration take place at the arterial end of a capillary? a. CHP is higher at the arterial end. b. Fenestrations are larger in diameter. c. There are more solutes to be filtered there. d. Blood colloidal osmotic pressure is greater there. BACK TO GAME

  16. Under Pressure:$300 Question How is mean arterial pressure (MAP) determined? a. It is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure. b. It is diastolic pressure + (pulse pressure divided by 3). c. It is systolic pressure + pulse pressure. d. None of these is correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  17. Under Pressure:$300 Answer How is mean arterial pressure (MAP) determined? a. It is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure. b. It is diastolic pressure + (pulse pressure divided by 3). c. It is systolic pressure + pulse pressure. d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME

  18. Under Pressure:$400 Question What event is happening if net filtration pressure (NFP) is negative? a. Fluid is moving out of a capillary. b. The volume of interstitial fluid is increasing. c. Reabsorption is occurring in a capillary. d. The person may be hemorrhaging. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  19. Under Pressure:$400 Answer What event is happening if net filtration pressure (NFP) is negative? a. Fluid is moving out of a capillary. b. The volume of interstitial fluid is increasing. c. Reabsorption is occurring in a capillary. d. The person may be hemorrhaging. BACK TO GAME

  20. Under Pressure:$500 Question If two blood vessels are of equal length, but one is 2 times the diameter of the other, how is resistance to flow affected in the wider vessel? What equation expresses this? a. Resistance is half as great ; F α r (½) b. Resistance is twice as great ; F α r (2) c. Resistance is 16 times as greater ; F α r4 d. Resistance is 16 times less ; F α1/r4 ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  21. Under Pressure:$500 Answer If two blood vessels are of equal length, but one is 2 times the diameter of the other, how is resistance to flow affected in the wider vessel? What equation expresses this? a. Resistance is half as great ; F α r (½) b. Resistance is twice as great ; F α r (2) c. Resistance is 16 times as greater ; F α r4 d. Resistance is 16 times less ; F α1/r4 BACK TO GAME

  22. Special Circulation:$100 Question The pulmonary veins are the only veins that ___. a. Carry blood away from the heart b. Carry oxygenated blood c. Carry lymph into blood circulation d. Carry blood to more than one organ ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  23. Special Circulation:$100 Answer The pulmonary veins are the only veins that ___. a. Carry blood away from the heart b. Carry oxygenated blood c. Carry lymph into blood circulation d. Carry blood to more than one organ BACK TO GAME

  24. Special Circulation:$200 Question Why are valves located in veins, but not in arteries? a. Because venous blood pressure is lower b. Because valves prevent backflow of blood c. Because venous walls are more muscular d. A and B are correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  25. Special Circulation:$200 Answer Why are valves located in veins, but not in arteries? a. Because venous blood pressure is lower b. Because valves prevent backflow of blood c. Because venous walls are more muscular d. A and B are correct. BACK TO GAME

  26. Special Circulation:$300 Question The hepatic portal system delivers _____. a. Nutrients to the liver b. Wastes to the kidneys c. Oxygenated blood to the abdominal organs d. Hormones and enzymes to the pancreas ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  27. Special Circulation:$300 Answer The hepatic portal system delivers _____. a. Nutrients to the liver b. Wastes to the kidneys c. Oxygenated blood to the abdominal organs d. Hormones and enzymes to the pancreas BACK TO GAME

  28. Special Circulation:$400 Question In fetal circulation, what is the role of the ductus venous? a. Connects aorta and pulmonary trunk, thus bypassing pulmonary circulation b. Brings oxygen and nutrients to the fetus c. Collects blood from veins of the liver and empties into the inferior vena cava d. Carries away metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  29. Special Circulation:$400 Answer In fetal circulation, what is the role of the ductus venous? a. Connects aorta and pulmonary trunk, thus bypassing pulmonary circulation b. Brings oxygen and nutrients to the fetus c. Collects blood from veins of the liver and empties into the inferior vena cava d. Carries away metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide BACK TO GAME

  30. Special Circulation:$500 Question Where are fenestrated capillaries important? Why? a. In filtration areas of the kidneys / They allow rapid exchanges of water and solutes between plasma and interstitial fluid. b. In the blood-brain barrier / They have restricted permeability. c. In almost all areas of the body / They allow diffusion of very small molecules and water. d. All of the above are correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  31. Special Circulation:$500 Answer Where are fenestrated capillaries important? Why? a. In filtration areas of the kidneys / They allow rapid exchanges of water and solutes between plasma and interstitial fluid. b. In the blood-brain barrier / They have restricted permeability. c. In almost all areas of the body / They allow diffusion of very small molecules and water. d. All of the above are correct. BACK TO GAME

  32. Road to Ruin:$100 Question A thrombus in the popliteal vein prevents blood flow from the ____ and to the ____. a. Internal iliac vein / Gluteal vein b. Tibial and fibular veins / Femoral vein c. Small saphenous vein / Anterior tibial vein and dorsal venous arch d. External iliac vein / Fibular and tibial veins ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  33. Road to Ruin:$100 Answer A thrombus in the popliteal vein prevents blood flow from the ____ and to the ____. a. Internal iliac vein / Gluteal vein b. Tibial and fibular veins / Femoral vein c. Small saphenous vein / Anterior tibial vein and dorsal venous arch d. External iliac vein / Fibular and tibial veins BACK TO GAME

  34. Road to Ruin:$200 Question Grace is in an automobile accident, and her celiac trunk is ruptured. Which organs are directly affected by this injury? a. Kidneys, adrenal glands b. Stomach, spleen, liver, pancreas c. Gonads, abdominal wall, diaphragm d. Diaphragm, esophagus, liver ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  35. Road to Ruin:$200 Answer Grace is in an automobile accident, and her celiac trunk is ruptured. Which organs are directly affected by this injury? a. Kidneys, adrenal glands b. Stomach, spleen, liver, pancreas c. Gonads, abdominal wall, diaphragm d. Diaphragm, esophagus, liver BACK TO GAME

  36. Road to Ruin:$300 Question Mr. Tanner has been prescribed an ACE inhibitor. ACE inhibitors prevent ___. a. Production of aldosterone and secretion of ADH b. Stimulation of cardioinhibitory centers c. The cascade of events following release of EPO d. None of these is correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  37. Road to Ruin:$300 Answer Mr. Tanner has been prescribed an ACE inhibitor. ACE inhibitors prevent ___. a. Production of aldosterone and secretion of ADH b. Stimulation of cardioinhibitory centers c. The cascade of events following release of EPO d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME

  38. Road to Ruin:$400 Question A patient in the ER has lost 1.5 liters of blood. Which of the following help restore venous return and improve cardiac output? a. Secretion of E, NE, and constriction of arterioles b. Secretion of ADH and aldosterone c. Mobilization of venous reserves and recall of interstitial fluids d. All of the above are correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  39. Road to Ruin:$400 Answer A patient in the ER has lost 1.5 liters of blood. Which of the following help restore venous return and improve cardiac output? a. Secretion of E, NE, and constriction of arterioles b. Secretion of ADH and aldosterone c. Mobilization of venous reserves and recall of interstitial fluids d. All of the above are correct. BACK TO GAME

  40. Road to Ruin:$500 Question Gordon has suffered a stroke in his basilar artery. Which regions of his brain suffer damage? a. Medulla, pons, and cerebellum b. Frontal lobes and anterior parietal lobes c. Posterior parietal and occipital lobes d. None of these, because of alternate circulatory routes through the cerebral arterial circle. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  41. Road to Ruin:$500 Answer Gordon has suffered a stroke in his basilar artery. Which regions of his brain suffer damage? a. Medulla, pons, and cerebellum b. Frontal lobes and anterior parietal lobes c. Posterior parietal and occipital lobes d. None of these, because of alternate circulatory routes through the cerebral arterial circle. BACK TO GAME

  42. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$100 Question Which of the following is a unique characteristic of arteries, when compared to veins? a. Arteries contain tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa. b. Arteries have a thinner tunica media. c. Arteries contain an internal elastic membrane in their tunica interna. d. Arteries collapse when blood is not flowing through them. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  43. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$100 Answer Which of the following is a unique characteristic of arteries, when compared to veins? a. Arteries contain tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa. b. Arteries have a thinner tunica media. c. Arteries contain an internal elastic membrane in their tunica interna. d. Arteries collapse when blood is not flowing through them. BACK TO GAME

  44. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$200 Question The heart and arteries of the systemic and pulmonary circuits contain ___% of blood volume and the venous system contains ___%. Why? a. 50:50 / Blood must be evenly distributed. b. 65:35 / High capacitation of arteries. c. 35:65 / Low capacitation of veins. d. All of these may be correct, depending on whether the individual is sedentary or exercising. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  45. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$200 Answer The heart and arteries of the systemic and pulmonary circuits contain ___% of blood volume and the venous system contains ___%. Why? a. 50:50 / Blood must be evenly distributed. b. 65:35 / High capacitation of arteries. c. 35:65 / Low capacitation of veins. d. All of these may be correct, depending on whether the individual is sedentary or exercising. BACK TO GAME

  46. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$300 Question Blood in the left internal iliac artery could travel to all of the following destinations, except _____. a. Pelvic muscles b. Reproductive organs c. Gluteal muscles d. Quadriceps muscles ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  47. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$300 Answer Blood in the left internal iliac artery could travel to all of the following destinations, except_____. a. Pelvic muscles b. Reproductive organs c. Gluteal muscles d. Quadriceps muscles BACK TO GAME

  48. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$400 Question Which of the following is an example of a local vasoconstrictor? a. Nitric oxide b. Prostaglandins c. Elevated temperature d. Lactic acid ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  49. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$400 Answer Which of the following is an example of a local vasoconstrictor? a. Nitric oxide b. Prostaglandins c. Elevated temperature d. Lactic acid BACK TO GAME

  50. It’s Not All in “Vein”:$500 Question If blood pressure rises above normal and baroreceptors in the carotid sinus are unresponsive, which of the following conditions will occur? a. Vasomotor centers inhibited / Cardioinhibitory centers stimulated / Decrease in cardiac output b. Vasomotor and cardioacceleratory centers remain stimulated / Decreased blood flow to the brain c. Decrease in cardiac output / Peripheral vasodilation d. Vasomotor centers stimulated / Increased blood flow to the brain. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

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