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Egypt 3000 - 500BC

Egypt 3000 - 500BC. Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms A History of Art - H.W.Janson Jewels of the Pharoahs - Cyril Aldred Tutankhamen - C.D.Noblecourt. http://www.moyra.com/jewels/minentrance.html. Contemporary application Egyptian Art Deco Fantasy. Prehistory into Memorable History.

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Egypt 3000 - 500BC

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  1. Egypt3000 - 500BC Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms A History of Art - H.W.Janson Jewels of the Pharoahs - Cyril Aldred Tutankhamen - C.D.Noblecourt

  2. http://www.moyra.com/jewels/minentrance.html • Contemporary application • Egyptian • Art Deco • Fantasy

  3. Prehistory into Memorable History • Prehistory • Paleolithic • simple tools • fire • fetish objects, use of clay vessels, cave paintings • magic • ritual • sewn items

  4. Neolithic • move into agrarian culture • crops • domesticated animals • fortified villages - Jericho, Jordan • evidence of ancestor worship - trepanned skulls, reconstructed skulls as portraits • Bronze age • invention of the wheel • evolution of written language • laws • bureaucracy • organised religion • spread of knowledge through libraries of stone or clay tablets - • Code of Hamurrabi, • cunieform alphabet, • symbolic representations of spoken words

  5. Mesopotamia & the Nile Valley • Egyptian civilisation regarded as the most conservative ever • Plato - said Egyptian art had not changed in 10,000 years (an exaggeration) • But 3000 - 500 BC art shows little change on the surface

  6. Egyptian basic pattern of institutions, beliefs and artistic ideas were formed during the first few centuries and kept reasserting itself • not as static as it seems • alternates between conservative and innovative

  7. Dynasties • Predynastic Period • transition from prehistory to the first dynasty • First Dynasty - just before 3000 BC

  8. Old Kingdom • 1st major division after the First Dynasty • ends with overthrow of the Sixth Dynasty ca. 2185 BC • Counting historic time by accession of dynasties • strong Egyptian sense of continuity

  9. Importance of the Pharaoh - as the supreme ruler and a god • largely determines the character of Egyptian art • Pharoah was seen as being responsible for molding the Nile valley into a single, effective state and • for increasing the fertility of the Nile valley by organising the construction of dams and canals

  10. Necklace of Princess Sit-Hathor Crown & hairpieces of Princess Sit-Hathor Influences on art nouveau and art deco Lavish use of gold and semi-precious stones

  11. Cult of the Dead • A preoccupation of Egyptian life and a link to Neolithic past • Fundamental change from Neolithic • Neolithic - superstitious and fearful of the spirits of the dead • Egyptian - serene, each man provides for his own happy afterlife by supplying his tomb with pleasurable items

  12. Ka • Tomb equipped as a shadowy replica of everyday life • ka (spirit or soul) could live in the tomb but had to have a physical body - • mummy - or • statue of him/herself

  13. King Tut’s Mummy King Tut as a child King Tutankhamen ca.1360 BC Mummies

  14. http://www.virtual-egypt.com/

  15. Can you Read This??

  16. Reconstruction

  17. King Tut’s finger stalls with rings King Tutankhamen’s canopic chest with lid removed; tops of sarcophagi immersed in unguents and resin ca.1360BC

  18. Judgment Day • After the Old Kingdom, the Ka or spirit is divided into two or more identities • the concept of judgment is introduced • tomb frescoes begin to show images of a weighing of the soul • fear of death introduced into Egyptian religion; accountability

  19. Old Kingdomca. 2686-2160BC • (1st Intermediate Period 2160-2040BC) King Zoser’s Pyramid designed by Imhotep ca.2650BC - Old Kingdom

  20. Old Kingdom relief sculpture, wood Portrait Panel of Hesy-ra, from Saqqara, c.2650BC

  21. Middle Kingdom ca. 2040-1633BC • 2nd Intermediate Period 1633-1559BC

  22. New Kingdom ca.1559-1085BC • Tanites 1085BC-945BC • Libyans 945BC-751BC • Late Period 751BC-332BC

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