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Chapter 5: Industrialization

Chapter 5: Industrialization. Section 1: The R ise of Industry. Video & Vocab. Spotlight Video: Rise of Industry Vocab: Gross National Product Laissez-Faire Entrepreneur People/Events Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Alva Edison Morrill Tariff. The USA Industrializes.

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Chapter 5: Industrialization

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  1. Chapter 5: Industrialization Section 1: The Rise of Industry

  2. Video & Vocab • Spotlight Video: Rise of Industry • Vocab: • Gross National Product • Laissez-Faire • Entrepreneur • People/Events • Alexander Graham Bell • Thomas Alva Edison • Morrill Tariff

  3. The USA Industrializes • American business & industry grew fast after the Civil War. • Industrialization changed the way people lived and worked. How? • By the late 1800’s, America was leading industrial country. • By 1914, nations Gross National Product—total value of all goods and services that a country produces—was 8 times more than it was in 1865.

  4. Causes of Industrial Revolution NATURAL RESOURCES United States Becomes an Industrial Nation

  5. Natural Resources • The United States had a lot of raw materials & lots of natural resources. • i.e. tin, coal, lumber, copper, etc. • American companies could get these resources very cheap, making their business succeed. • People began using new resources (petroleum) • Edwin Drake drilled first oil well in Titusville, PA. • Natural resources map

  6. Causes of Industrial Revolution NATURAL RESOURCES United States Becomes an Industrial Nation

  7. A Large Workforce • Human resources were as important as natural resources. • From 1860-1910, the population of the nation tripled. • Providing industry with lots of workers • Created a greater demand for the consumer goods made by factories • Why did population grow so much? • Large families: more children survived • Flood of immigrants: better living conditions & freedom.

  8. Causes of Industrial Revolution NATURAL RESOURCES United States Becomes an Industrial Nation LARGE WORKFORCE NEW INVENTIONS

  9. New Inventions • Bell & the Telephone • 1874: suggested idea of telephone to his assistant • 1876: succeeded placed a call to the next room • “Come here, Watson. I want you.” • Revolutionized business & personal communication • 1877: organized Bell Telephone Company which later became American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT & T).

  10. New Inventions (cont’d) • Edison, Westinghouse, & Electricity • Thomas Alva Edison: leading pioneer in new technology. • Created almost monthly & by the time he died, held more than 1,000 patents! • First success was with the phonograph • 1878: Edison perfected the electric generator and & the light bulb. • 1882: Edison company began to supply electric power & formed Edison General Electric in 1889 (today: GE)

  11. New Inventions (cont’d) • Westinghouse invented air brake system for trains. • Later applied to continuous braking system of cars& trains • Also developed alternating current (AC) system to distribute electricity. • First to use hydroelectric power on Niagara Falls to power streetcars in Buffalo, NY.

  12. Causes of Industrial Revolution NATURAL RESOURCES United States Becomes an Industrial Nation LARGE WORKFORCE

  13. Technology’s Impact • Technology effected the way people lived in big and small ways. • Ice Machine=refrigerator=ability to ship & keep meat longer=reduced risk of food poisoning. • Textile Industry=automatic loom=cloth made faster & cheaper=standard sizes=large factories • Communications=telegraph cable laid across Atlantic ocean=instant contact between USA & Europe.

  14. Free Enterprise • Laissez-faire economics promoted industrialization, but tariffs protected American companies from competition. • Laissez-faire: “let the people do as they chose” • Relies on supply and demand • Entrepreneurs: people who risk their $ to build & run businesses. • Morrill Tariff: passed by congress and tripled current tariffs. • Went against the idea of Laissez-faire. • Raise tariff on foreign goods, countries did the dame to America.

  15. Causes of Industrial Revolution NATURAL RESOURCES United States Becomes an Industrial Nation LARGE WORKFORCE NEW INVENTIONS FREE ENTERPRISE

  16. Section 1 Assessment • Completed graphic organizer over 4 causes of industrialization. • How did oil production affect the American economy? • Did government policies help or hurt Industrialization at this time? Why? (2 points) • How did electric power affect economic development?

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