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Intro to USI: Three Societies on the Verge of Contact. The Highlights: Arrival of Native Americans Early North American Cultures North America in 1492 Africa up to 1492 Europe up to 1492. 1-2. The Paleo-Indian Era: The First Settlers (15,000-10,000 years ago) Beringia theory
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Intro to USI: Three Societies on the Verge of Contact The Highlights: Arrival of Native Americans Early North American Cultures North America in 1492 Africa up to 1492 Europe up to 1492
1-2 • The Paleo-Indian Era: The First Settlers (15,000-10,000 years ago) • Beringia theory • Beringia challenged? • http://www.humanjourney.us/america.html • Expansion and development McGraw-HillMcGraw-Hill
1-4 • The Archaic Era: Forging an Agricultural Society (10,000-2,500 yrs ago) • Agriculture as a primary source of life • Sedentary existence • Maize • Populations grow; urban cities McGraw-Hill
1-7 • The Pre-Columbian Era: Developing Civilizations (500 BC-1492 CE) • Agricultural revolution • Trading networks develop • Hierarchical systems of status • Mesoamerican Empires • Mayans • Aztecs • Aztec and European similarities • Why didn’t Chinese and Aztecs discover and colonize? • The Anasazi and the Mississippians • Trade, building (mounds) McGraw-Hill
1-10 • North America in 1492 • 100 million people • Diversity • Similarities • Clan system/Matrilineal families • Land common • Enslavement • Sexual Equality • Regional Variations McGraw-Hill
1-11 • Economics and Religion • Trade • Property was not privately owned • Nearly all thought the natural world was filled with spirits. • Past generations remained alive to guide the living • Intertribal Harmony and Hostility • Disputes over territory, resources, rivalries • Slavery • Culture of warfare • Iroquois Confederacy McGraw-Hill
1-12 Africa • Politics • Islam: spread but didn’t have a large impact on the daily lives of most West Africans • Kingdoms of Ghana, Mali • Society • Kinship groups; rural farmers • Matrilineal; gender equality • Slavery • Religion McGraw-Hill
1-13 Europe • Europe up to 1492 • Feudal lords dominate land • Feudalism divides Europe linguistically and economically; stunts cultural growth • The Catholic Church • Protestant Reformation • Decline in Church authority • Feudalism prevents growth of nation-state McGraw-Hill
1-15 • Reasons for the Decline of Feudalism • Expanding trading networks • Growth of commerce and population • The Crusades • Increased trade • Weakened the power of European nobles; strengthened monarchical power • Growth of Cities • The Plague • The Rennaissance McGraw-Hill
1-15 • Changes in European Society • Technological • Economic • Demographic • Religious • Political • Europe sucked! • Crisis mixed with a sense of possibility McGraw-Hill