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DSS Introduction

DSS Introduction. 電腦化支援系統之演進 決策支援系統的定義 決策支援系統架構 DSS 主要期刊. 1.電腦化支援系統之演進. mid-1950s Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) 1960s MIS 1970s Office Automation Systems DSS 1980s DSS Expanded Commercial applications of expert systems Executive Information Systems

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DSS Introduction

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  1. DSS Introduction • 電腦化支援系統之演進 • 決策支援系統的定義 • 決策支援系統架構 • DSS主要期刊

  2. 1.電腦化支援系統之演進 • mid-1950s Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) • 1960s MIS • 1970s Office Automation Systems DSS • 1980s DSS Expanded Commercial applications of expert systems Executive Information Systems • 1990s Group Support Systems Neural Computing Integrated, hybrid computer systems

  3. 2.決策支援系統的定義 • Simon: Decision-making along a continuum • DSS的定義 • DSS名詞內涵 • DSS的理想特徵與能力 • DSS的實用定義

  4. Simon: Decision-making along a continuum • Three Phase decision-making process • Intelligence: searching for conditions that call for decisions • Design: inventing, developing, and analyzing possible courses of action • Choice: selecting a course of action from those available • Unstructured problem has no structured phases (often solved with human intuition • Semistructured problem has some (or some parts with) structured phases • Solve with both standard solution procedures and human judgment • Structured problem has all structured phases • Procedures for obtaining the best solution are known • Objectives are clearly defined

  5. DSS的定義 • Scott Morton [1971] • DSS are interactivecomputer-based systems, which help decision makers utilize data and models to solve unstructured problems • Keen and Scott Morton [1978] • Decision support systems couple the intellectual resources of individuals with the capabilities of the computer to improve the quality of decisions. It is a computer-based system for management decision makers who deal with semi-structured problems.

  6. DSS名詞內涵 • Content-free expression • Means different things to different people • There is no universally accepted definition of DSS • DSS as an Umbrella Term • DSS sometimes describes any computerized system used to support decision making • Narrow definition: specific technology

  7. DSS的理想特徵與能力 造模與分析 資料存取 1.半結構化程式 使用者容易自行建造 不同階層的管理者 決策者可控制此系統 針對群體及個人 DSS 強調效果而非效率 相互依賴或循序決策 互動且容易使用 支援決策各階段 調適性及彈性 支援各種決策風格

  8. DSS的實用定義 • A DSS is an interactive, flexible, and adaptable CBIS, specially developed for supporting the solution of a non-structured management problem for improved decision making. It utilizes data, it provides easy user interface, and it allows for the decision maker’s own insights • DSS may utilize models, is built by an interactive process (frequently by end-users), supports all the phases of the decision making, and may include a knowledge component

  9. 3.決策支援系統架構 其他以電腦為基礎之系統 資料：外部與內部 資料管理 模式管理 知識管理 使用者界面 管理者(使用者)

  10. 資料庫管理系統(DBMS) 檢索、查詢、更新、 刪除、產生報告 資料管理子系統 內部資料來源 外部資料來源 財務 生產 人事 行銷 其他 萃取 私人資料來源 決策支援資料庫 或資料倉儲 查詢 設施 界面管理 模式管理 資料 目錄 知識管理

  11. 模式(模式庫) 模式庫管理 • 統計、財務、行銷、 會計 • 、管理科學等 • 模式建造區塊 • 造模的命令 • 維護、更新 • 資料庫界面 • 造模語言 模式管理子系統 模式 目錄 模式執行、整合 及命令處理器 資料管理 界面管理 知識管理

  12. 知識管理子系統 • The Knowledge Management Subsystem • Provides expertise in solving complex unstructured and semi-structured problems • Expertise provided by an expert system or other intelligent system • 知識管理子系統可能的輔助 • 以知識為基礎的決策輔助：支援數學模式所沒有建議的決策過程步驟 • 智慧型決策造模系統：幫助建立、管理模式 • 決策分析的專家系統理論：將不確定性(如fuzzy)整合至知識庫 • 資料探勘 (Data mining)

  13. 輸入 輸出 行動語言 顯示語言 使用者界面(對話)子系統 資料管理與DBMS 知識管理 模式管理與MBMS 使用者界面管理系統(UIMS) 自然語言處理器 終端機 印表機、繪圖機 使用者

  14. DSS架構實例1：行銷決策支援系統

  15. DSS架構實例2：GLSC航運公司

  16. 4. DSS主要期刊 • Decision Support Systems • Information and Management • Information Processing and Management • Expert Systems with Applications • Knowledge-based Systems • Omega • European Journal of Operational Research

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