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PURITANISM

PURITANISM. Instructor: Carol Jean Cox. Puritanism . Background Puritanism & England Beliefs of the Puritans Puritanism & the English Colonies Puritanism in America Legacy of Puritanism. Puritanism. Background 1517 Protestant Reformation

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PURITANISM

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  1. PURITANISM Instructor: Carol Jean Cox

  2. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

  3. Puritanism • Background • 1517 Protestant Reformation • Protestors who wished to reform the Catholic Church • Martin Luther’s 95 Thesis • 1532 Henry VIII, King of England creates the Anglican Church (Church of England) • Protestantism - in name only • King same as Pope with appointed cardinals • Anglican Church was Catholicism practice & rituals • “Catholic church in disguise”

  4. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

  5. Puritanism • Puritanism & England • Local Englishmen protest against the Anglican Church • Want to “purify” England • Against Henry’s mild English theocracy • subtle, prejudice against those out of the Anglican church • (e.g. no offices can be held) • Predestination • Priesthood of the individual

  6. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

  7. Puritanism • Beliefs of the Puritans • Three Way Covenant • 1st covenant - individual & God (spiritual relationship) • Are you sure of your predestination? • 2nd covenant - individual & congregation • man so wicked he needs help of the congregation • (communal spirituality) stocks & pillars • agrees to abide by rules (e.g. no dancing)

  8. Puritanism • Beliefs of the Puritans • Three Way Covenant • 1st covenant - individual & God • 2nd covenant -individual & congregation • 3rd covenant - congregation & state • (mild theocracy) • attempts to make reform through civil laws • government enforced beliefs

  9. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

  10. Puritanism • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritans CHOSE to leave England • not persecution • couldn't fit in the 3rd covenant in England • needed a place to go where they could find government support

  11. Puritanism • Puritanism & the English Colonies • New World to become a Puritan Commonwealth • charter to go to the New World • “citty on a hill” • a beacon light for others • Return to England • idea was to purify America and then return to England to save her

  12. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

  13. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • Pilgrims (travelers) • “separatist” Puritans who didn’t wish to save England • Left for Holland for a time however, the Catholic influence strengthened in Holland (present day Netherlands) • returned to England

  14. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • 1620 New Plymouth • Pilgrims left for America • Mayflower ship with 101 people (Bradford) • heading for Jamestown Virginia • off course or chose own location ended in Cape Cod near Boston • 2 1/2 months - arriving in November (cold) • Indians greeted them in English • helped them through winter • (Squanto or English fishermen 1580-90's)

  15. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • 1620 New Plymouth • Mayflower Compact 1620 • potential for democratic ideas • beginning of democracy • "single civil body politic" • majority rule - voluntary • helps set up some form of government at later date • 1st representative government in New World - social contract theory

  16. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • Was a representative government a new idea? • 1512 Magna Carta • House of Burgess - 1619 1st elected government • What is democracy? • What is pure democracy? • What is representative democracy?

  17. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • 1629 Massachusetts Bay Company • John Winthrop - Puritan received charter • stock holders - investors in colonies • purchasers of charters (or stock holders) • charters stayed in England so when goods come back on ship, the stock holders taxed goods) • charter came over with Massachusetts Bay Co. 1930 !

  18. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • 1629 Massachusetts Bay Company • 17 ships 1000 people settle where Boston is is today • prepared - no hardship • contrast to Jamestown & Pilgrims • Great Migration of 1630 - 1640's • 20,000 Puritans to Massachusetts • John Winthrop/Cotton Mather legislature • kept control of the church/state

  19. Puritanism • Puritanism in America • Puritanism is a one generation idea. • prosperity alters ideals • fishing, shipping, fur trading • thankful to God for their prosperity • formation of concept of God rewarding good deeds with money • Puritanism is altered • wealth became a goal • new world environment (land & resources)

  20. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

  21. Puritanism • Legacy of Puritanism Passed values to future generations • 1. Prudence - clear thinking • not making emotional decisions • Biblical direction • 2. Thrift • a penny saved is a penny earned • Ben Franklin's "waste not - want not" • 3. Discipline - self discipline • moderation • 4. Hard work is rewarded • “ idle hands are the devil's workshop”

  22. Puritanism • Legacy of Puritanism Passed values to future generations • The Protestant Work Ethic • 1. Prudence - • 2. Thrift • 3. Discipline • 4. Hard work THE PROTESTANT WORK ETHIC -----> CAPITALISM Two ideas go hand in hand

  23. Puritanism • Are we losing the Legacy of the Puritans? • Today we are losing values of hard work, thrift & discipline? • consumerism/credit cards • "you are what you own"

  24. Puritanism • End Notes • Puritans took control of England • 1650's Cromwell • Puritans beheaded King - revolution • only a few Puritans ever returned from the colonies to England • Impact on American culture is significant

  25. Puritanism • Was our country really founded on freedom of religion? • Was the goal of the Puritans religious freedom for all? • What was the intent of the English in resettling the religious dissonant? • Examples of religious intolerance • Anne Hutchinson • ousted because of prayer meetings in her house • Roger Williams • formed Rhode Island - didn't agree with Mass Bay Co. Puritans & left.

  26. Puritanism • Summary - Pulling It Together • Puritanism in America introduced concepts of • Representative Governance • Church & State (Theocracy) • Individual & God • Prosperity & Godliness • Strong Work Ethic

  27. Puritanism • Review • How did the Puritans get their name? • Why were some called separatists? • Who were the pilgrims? • What was the Citty on a hill? • What were the concepts of Puritanism? • What was the 3 way covenant? • What was their legacy to American culture?

  28. Puritanism • Background • Puritanism & England • Beliefs of the Puritans • Puritanism & the English Colonies • Puritanism in America • Legacy of Puritanism

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