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The Eukaryotes 12b: Fungi

The Eukaryotes 12b: Fungi. Cell wall. Fungal Morphology mold hypha/ae. coenocytic. “fairy ring”. Fungal Morphology yeast. bud. budding yeast Other: fission yeast. pseudohypha. Dimorphic?. Asexual. Sporangiospore. /Conidiospores. General Fungal Life Cycle

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The Eukaryotes 12b: Fungi

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  1. The Eukaryotes 12b: Fungi

  2. Cell wall Fungal Morphology mold hypha/ae coenocytic

  3. “fairy ring”

  4. Fungal Morphology yeast bud budding yeast Other: fission yeast pseudohypha Dimorphic?

  5. Asexual Sporangiospore /Conidiospores

  6. General Fungal Life Cycle (based on having haploid adults) plasmogamy karyogamy zygote

  7. Nutrition all chemoheterotrophic, extracellular digestion saprobes parasites, predators mutualists Mycosis systemic subcutaneous cutaneous superficial

  8. Rhizopus nigricans

  9. Mucor spp. Absidia spp.

  10. Polar filament Microsporidia = Microspora Example: Nosema spp. (N. connori and N. ocularum) Ocular & GI infections Microspora spp.

  11. (Eu)penicillium plasmogamy karyogamy inside ascus dikaryon

  12. Saccharomyces cerevisiae = baker’s & “top”-brewing yeast S. pastorianus = “bottom”-brewing yeast S. bayanus = champagne yeast Neurospora

  13. ascus (side-cut view) ascocarp (made of dikaryotic hyphae) Morchella spp. = morels Gourmet items Tuber spp. = truffles

  14. “ (San Joaquin) Valley fever”

  15. Aspergillus aspergillosis A. niger A. oryzae A. flavus

  16. Pneumocystis carinii/jirovecki “thrush” Candida albicans “PC” “yeast infection” = candidiasis, balanitis (male)

  17. Dermatophytes Trichophyton spp. Microsporum spp. Epidermophyton floccosum “ringworm” = “Tinea ____” onychomycosis

  18. Sporothrix Stachybotrys

  19. Claviceps -> ergot ergometrine ergotamine lysergic acid grain

  20. Mushroom life cycle Karyogamy inside basidia zygote plasmogamy

  21. Most used edible mushroom: Agaricus Ustilago maydis = corn smut = huitlacoche/cuitlacoche Lentinula edodes = shiitake

  22. Amanita spp. some edible, some poisonous The Destroying Angel Amanita virosa, A. verna, A. bisporigera, & A. ocreata death cap Amanita muscaria= fly agaric Amanita calyptrata

  23. Can be dangerous Gyromitra esculentum = false morel Amanita muscaria= fly agaric Cortinarius gentilis

  24. Some other basidios stinkhorn puffball Bird’s nest brackets bolete ear & jelly fungus

  25. Cryptococcus neoformans

  26. Malasezzia furfur can cause pityriasis

  27. Disappearing “phylum” Deuteromycetes = imperfect fungi Aspergillus Fusarium Penicillium

  28. Symbiosis: mycorrhizae endotrophic mycorrhiza

  29. Symbiosis: lichens crustose foliose fruticose

  30. Useful lichens Roccella: litmus & dye Usnea: usnic acid

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