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Central Dogma, Expanded!. Sept. 16, 2004. Chapters 13, 14 & 15 for details. RNA transcript. DNA. mRNA. Polypeptides. change of scale. change of scale. + extra cellular factors. Central Dogma plus …. System Effects. Cartoon of Central Dogma. Eukaryotes. Chromosome uncoiling
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Central Dogma, Expanded! Sept. 16, 2004 Chapters 13, 14 & 15 for details
RNA transcript DNA mRNA Polypeptides change of scale change of scale + extra cellular factors Central Dogma plus … System Effects
Eukaryotes • Chromosome uncoiling • DNA promoter identified and activated • RNA polymerase introduced • RNA synthesis (primary transcript, hnRNA) • 5’ Cap added • poly-A tail added • Splicing of introns, linking exons • Transport to cytoplasm • Initial ribosome binding – mAUG – • Completion of ribosome and second codon • Synthesis of polypeptide • Post translational modification/transport to functional form and place
“Exon Choice” RNA Transcript Processing
Intron Removal Note: different snRNAs connect different places in splicing – including across exons – so exons may be excised along with introns (“exon choice”) MultiplesnRNPs
Regulatory RNAs (introns +?) siRNA “silencing RNA” iRNA “interference RNA” ???? Types of RNA in Eukaryote
Flies and Mice Each Region has differentpatterns of gene regulation!