1 / 16

Decentralized Power Production in Rural Communities

Explore the anaerobic digestion and gasification methods for producing biogas from biomass in rural communities like India. Learn about the feed material, digestion process, plant design, and various applications of biogas. Discover the potential impact on energy sources and how it can replace traditional fuels. This comprehensive guide covers the chemical equations involved, fixed dome designs, and the characteristics of fuel sources for biomass gasification. Investigate the applications of producer gas in power generation, thermal uses, and chemical production. Unlock the opportunities for sustainable energy solutions in rural areas.

vjordan
Download Presentation

Decentralized Power Production in Rural Communities

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Decentralized Power Production in Rural Communities Andrea French Nicole Munguia November 21, 2006

  2. Methods for Biogas Production Anaerobic Digestion Biomass Gasification Fuel Sources Decomposition Process Processing Method Producer Gas Various Applications: Mechanical, Thermal and Chemical Production

  3. Anaerobic Digesters to Produce Biogas in Rural India • Feed Material • Digestion Process • Plant Design • Applications • Potential http://breathappeal.com/causes.htm http://www.biotank.co.uk/images/Feat11_picII-1.jpg

  4. Feed Material http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4205506.stm http://www.worldofstock.com/closeups/TAN1242.php http://www.visakhaspca.org/programs/cowsanctuary.asp http://www.repp.org/discussiongroups/resources/gasification/

  5. Digestion Process Steps 3 & 4 Chemical Equation: • CO2 + 4H2→ CH4 + 2H2O Steps 3 & 4 Chemical Equations: • CO2 + 4H2 = CH3COOH + 2H2O CH3COOH → CH4 + CO2 Average Composition of Biogas http://www.biotank.co.uk/images/Feat11_picII-1.jpg

  6. Fixed Dome Designs http://www.grameen-info.org/grameen/gshakti/programs.html http://web1.msue.msu.edu/intext/blue%20bags.jpg http://web1.msue.msu.edu/intext/biogas10.jpg

  7. Fixed Dome Diagram http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0541E/T0541E0E.GIF

  8. Design Parameters

  9. Anaerobic Decomposition BioGas Applications • Effluent Use • Fertilizer • Soil conditioner • (Destroys Pathogens) • Lighting • Cooking http://www.oredaorissa.com/Photo.html http://www.repp.org/discussiongroups/resources/gasification/ • 2 m3 biogas plant in a month could replace: • 26 kg if LPG, • 37 liters of kerosene, • 88 kg of charcoal, • 210 kg of fuel wood, • or 740 kg of animal dung. http://www.ashdenawards.org/winners/prakratik

  10. Potential for India • 260 million cows • 10 kg dung per day • 75% collection rate • ~2 million tons of dung daily • 40 kg dung produces 2 m3 biogas • 40 million 2 m3 plants http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/news/images/gotwattbig.jpg

  11. Biomass Gasification • Characteristics of Fuel Sources • Types of Gasifiers • Cooling and Filtering Producer Gas • Applications

  12. Characteristics of Fuel Sources • High Energy Content/Bulk Density • Low Moisture Content • Low Tar Production • Low Ash Production Rajvanshi, A.K., (1986)

  13. Gasifier Design • Updraft, Downdraft and Crossdraft • Tailored to the Fuel Source • Produce Minimal Dust and Tar Updraft Downdraft Crossdraft Downdraft Reactor (Rajvanshi, 1986).

  14. Cooling & Filtering Producer Gas • Filter out impurities • Cool producer gas to ambient temperature Schematic Producer Gas Plant (Rajvanshi, 1986)

  15. Applications • Power Applications • Generators for Electricity • IC engines for Agricultural Equipment • Pump for Irrigation Purposes • Thermal Application • Boil Water • Cooking & Grain Drying • Steam generation: Cogeneration or Residential Space Heating • Chemical Production • Methanol: Oxidize Methane • Hydrogen Gas: Water-Gas Shift Reaction/Steam Reforming

  16. QUESTIONS???? • References: • http://www.fao.org/sd/EGdirect/EGre0022.htm • http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80362e/80362E0j.htm • http://web.archive.org/web/20041124201613/www.eere.energy.gov/con sumerinfo/factsheets/ab5.html?print • Biogas: The Indian NGO Experience by AFPRO-CHF Network • Energy, The Biomass Solution by Henry Bugay • Rajvanshi, A.K., (1986). Biomass Gasification [Electronic version]. Alternative Energy in Agriculture, Vol.II, Ed.D, Chapter (No.4), 83-102.

More Related