1 / 11

The Gas Laws

The Gas Laws. Directly proportional —as one variable goes up/down the other goes up/down. Both variable do the same thing. Indirectly proportional – as one variable goes up the other goes down. The two variable do the opposite thing. Boyle’s Law. P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 Temperature is constant

Download Presentation

The Gas Laws

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Gas Laws

  2. Directly proportional—as one variable goes up/down the other goes up/down. Both variable do the same thing. • Indirectly proportional– as one variable goes up the other goes down. The two variable do the opposite thing.

  3. Boyle’s Law • P1V1 = P2V2 • Temperature is constant • Pressure (P) and volume (V) are indirectly proportional

  4. Example 1 A helium balloon was compressed from 4.0L to 2.5L at a constant temperature. If the pressure of the gas in the 4.0L balloon is 210 kPA, what will the pressure be at 2.5L? Given: V1 = 4.0L V2 = 2.5L P1= 210 kPa P2 = ? P1V1 = P2V2 (210 kPa) × (4.0L) = P2× (2.5L) P2 = 336 kPa ≈ 340 kPa

  5. Example 2 A sample of neon gas occupies 0.200L at 0.860 atm. What will be its volume at 29.2 kPa pressure? 0.860 atm 101.3 kPa 1 atm P1V1 = P2V2 = 87.1 kPa Given: V1 = 0.200L V2 = ? P1= 0.860 atm P2 = 29.2 kPa (87.1 kPa) × (0.200L) = (29.2 kPa) × V2 V2 = 0.597L **Units must match for each variable (doesn’t matter which one is converted)

  6. Charle’s Law • V1 V2 T1 T2 • Pressure is constant • Temperature must be in Kelvin • Volume (V) and temperature (T) are directly proportional =

  7. Example 1 A gas ample at 40.0°C occupies a volume of 2.32L. If the temperature is raised to 75.0°C, what will the volume be, assuming the pressure remains constant? Given: T1 = 40.0°C = 313K T2 = 75.0°C = 348K V1= 2.32L V2 = ? V1 V2 T1 T2 2.32L V2 313 348 = = V2 = 2.58L

  8. Example 2 A gas ample at 55.0°C occupies a volume of 3.50L. At what new temperature in kelvin will the volume increase to 8.00L? Given: T1 = 55.0°C = 328K T2 = ? V1= 3.50L V2 = 8.00L V1 V2 T1 T2 3.50L 8.00 328 T2 = = T2 = 750K

  9. Gay-Lussac’s Law • P1 P2 T1 T2 • Volume is constant • Temperature must be in Kelvin • Pressure (P) and temperature (T) are directly proportional =

  10. Example 1 The pressure of a gas in a tank is 3.20 atm at 22.0°C. If the temperature rises to 60.0°C, what will be the gas pressure in the tank? Given: P1 = 3.20 atm P2 = ? T1= 22.0°C = 295K T2 = 60.0°C =333K P1 P2 T1 T2 3.20 atm P2 295K 333K = = P2 = 3.61 atm

  11. Example 2 A rigid container has a gas at constant volume at 665 torr pressure when the temperature is 22.0C. What will the pressure be if the temperature is raised to 44.6C? Given: P1 = 665 torr P2 = ? T1= 22.0°C = 295K T2 = 44.6°C =317.6K P1 P2 T1 T2 665 torr P2 295K 317.6K = = P2 = 716 atm

More Related