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Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Chapter 40. Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function. Questions prepared by Christopher Gregg Louisiana State University John Lepri University of North Carolina, Greensboro. These data show that the organism tested can be categorized as an osmo ___ and a thermal ___. Conformer; regulator

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Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

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  1. Chapter 40 Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function Questions prepared by Christopher GreggLouisiana State University John LepriUniversity of North Carolina, Greensboro

  2. These data show that the organism tested can be categorized as an osmo ___ and a thermal ___. • Conformer; regulator • regulator; conformer • conformer; conformer • regulator; regulator

  3. If thermoregulation is considered to be a secondary function of the large ears of jackrabbits, then the primary function of the ears is • to optimize nutrient intake through the thin, permeable surfaces on the ears. • to protect against pathogens by having a thick, waxy surface on the ears. • to protect offspring from bright sunlight by positioning of the ears to cast the maximum shadows. • to detect predators by using the large size and flexible positioning of the external ears to channel sound waves into the ear canal. • to alter the rate of gas exchange, based on the adjustable radius of the ears’ blood vessels.

  4. Which is the best interpretation of these data? a) Maia, the spider crab, is an osmoconformer in salt water but is capable of precise osmoregulation in fresh water. b) Nereis, the clam worm, is an osmoconformer in fresh water and is capable of precise osmoregulation in brackish water. c) Carcinus, the shore crab, is capable of precise osmoregulation in brackish water and fresh water. d) All three crabs are precise osmoregulators in all three environments.

  5. Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback response? • As the uterus contracts in labor and delivery, more oxytocin is released to intensify uterine contractions. • Meerkats bask in the sun in the cool mornings but avoid the sun during the heat of the day. • Sexual stimulation leads to sexual arousal. • A nursing baby stimulates the release of oxytocin, which causes letdown of milk.

  6. You measure body temperatures of desert animals at 7 AM and again at 2 PM. Your data are these:7 AM 2 PM snake 77°F 87°F mouse 100°F 99°F lizard 80°F 105°F beetle 72°F 102°FWhich animal is most likely endothermic? • snake • mouse • lizard • beetle

  7. The sea star Porcellanaster ceruleus is found exclusively in the deep sea where the water temperature is around 4°C year round. How would you classify this organism? • Endothermic homeotherm • Endothermic poikilotherm • Ectothermic homeotherm • Ectothermic poikilotherm

  8. Naked mole rats, Heterocephalus glaber, are mammals that inhabit burrows with a stable temperature of 28 to 32°C. The rats have no fur, a poorly developed subcutaneous fat layer, no sweat glands, and skin that is highly permeable to water. Body temperature stays only slightly above ambient (0.5°C) over a range of 12 to 37°C. How would you classify this mammal? • Endothermic homeotherm • Ectothermic poikilotherm • Ectothermic homeotherm • Endothermic poikilotherm

  9. The best time to measure basal metabolicrate is • prior to a human baby’s first meal of the day. • just after a lizard’s third meal of the day. • while an adult human is watching TV after a meal. • just after a cricket has escaped from a bird.

  10. A mouse and lizard with the same body mass were placed in experimental chambers and their metabolic rates measured over a range of temperatures. From the data shown in the graph, which were collected from the mouse and which from the lizard? • A–lizard; B–mouse • A–mouse; B–lizard • can’t tell

  11. The temperature difference between arterial and venous blood near the goose’s body • allows the goose to lose maximum heat to the environment. • allows the goose to minimize heat loss to the environment. • allows the goose’s legs to remain cool in freezing water. • is minimized by the dilation of capillaries in the goose’s feet.

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