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SELDM Overview

Assessing Potential Effects of Highway Runoff on Receiving-Water Quality in Oregon using Surrogate Water-Quality Data Sets John Risley, Gregory E. Granato, and William Fletcher Eugene, Oregon April 22, 2015.

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SELDM Overview

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  1. Assessing Potential Effects of Highway Runoff on Receiving-Water Quality in Oregon using Surrogate Water-Quality Data SetsJohn Risley, Gregory E. Granato, and William FletcherEugene, OregonApril 22, 2015

  2. USGS – ODOT StudyIn 2012 the U.S. Geological Survey Oregon Water Science Center and the Oregon Department of Transportation began a jointly funded study assessing the potential effects of highway runoff on receiving-water quality at selected sites in Oregon using the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM)

  3. USGS - ODOT Study ReportRisley, J.C., and Granato, G.E., 2014, Assessing potential effects of highway runoff on receiving-water quality at selected sites in Oregon with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5099, 74 p.

  4. USGS – ODOT StudyObjectives:1. Refine precipitation/runoff data inputs for Oregon SELDM applications.2. Evaluate impacts of storm-water runoff for six highway sites.3. Compute upstream basin and highway water-quality statistics and transport curves for Oregon SELDM applications.4. Provide a report describing Oregon SELDM applications.

  5. SELDM OverviewSELDM estimates combinations of contaminant loads/concentrations from a highway and an upstream basin using Monte Carlo methods.Created by Greg Granato--USGS Massachusetts Water Science CenterFunded by Federal Highway Administration

  6. SELDM Overview http://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/

  7. SELDM Components 1. Storm-event precipitation 2. Upstream basin streamflow 3. Highway storm runoff 4. Upstream basin and highway runoff water quality 5. Optional – Lake basin analysis 6. Optional – Evaluation of BMPs 7. SELDM model output files

  8. Best Management Practices • Flow volume reduction option • --Infiltration, evaporation, and absorption • Hydrograph extension option • --Allows better downstream dilution • Water-quality modification option • --Settling and filtration

  9. Water-Quality Treatment:TSS Reduction

  10. Six Study Sites

  11. Highway catchment drainage areas: 3.85 to 11.83 acres • Upstream basin drainage areas: 0.16 to 6.56 square miles • Two sites: Urbanized • Four remaining sites: Forest or agricultural with < 5% imperviousness Six Study Sites

  12. Chemical concentrations from the highway catchment and upstream basin can be defined in SELDM as: 1. Random Mean, SD, and skew 2. A transport curve A function of streamflow 3. Dependent on another constituent Example: Sediment Modeling Water-Quality Constituents

  13. Cadmium Lead Chloride Nickel Chromium Phosphorus Copper Zinc Iron Constituents of Interest

  14. Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Criteria

  15. Constituents of Interest Concentrations and loads were simulated for the six study site highway catchments and upstream basins using surrogate water-quality data.

  16. Highway Catchments: • Measured QW data from similar U.S. highway sites with similar climate, road width, catchment size, and average daily traffic (ADT) load. • Highway-Runoff Database (HRDB). • Data from California, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Florida, and Wisconsin sites. Water-Quality Surrogate Data

  17. Upstream Basins: • Measured water‑quality data from nearby urban and rural USGS streamflow sites within the same ecoregion. • Random statistics used for non-urban Willamette ecoregion sites. • Transport curves created for urban sites. • Random statistics and transport curves used for southern Wall Creek site. Water-Quality Surrogate Data

  18. Tyron Creek at Interstate 5Upstream basinBasin area (square miles) 0.63Percent forest 11.2Percent urban 99.8Impervious fraction 0.48Highway catchmentArea (acres) 11.8Impervious fraction 0.99Total lanes 10Average daily traffic 21,400-

  19. Tyron Creek at Interstate 5

  20. Flows at Tyron Creek at Interstate 5

  21. Copper Concentrations at Tyron Creek at Interstate 5

  22. Copper Loads at Tyron Creek at Interstate 5

  23. Analyses show that potential effects of highway runoff on receiving-water quality downstream of the highway depends on: • The ratio of the upstream and highway catchment drainage areas (dilution). • The quality of the water upstream of the highway. Take Home Message

  24. These analyses also show that the probability of exceeding a water-quality criterion may depend on the input statistics used, thus careful selection of representative values is important. If time and funding are available--measuring streamflow and water-quality data at a site of interest is preferable to surrogate data. Take Home Message

  25. Questions?

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