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Exploring Earth's Topography: Digital Mapping for Various Applications

Dive into the world of digital terrain models and elevation data with technologies like LiDAR and SRTM, vital for mapping, surveying, and environmental studies. Uncover insights for infrastructure planning, ecology, and disaster management.

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Exploring Earth's Topography: Digital Mapping for Various Applications

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  1. Terrain • Represent the “Surface” of the Earth • Digital Terrain Models (DTM) • Triangulated Irregular Networks (TINs) • Digital Elevation Models (DEM) • Bathymetry • Elevations of the sea floor SRTM

  2. Applications • Roads, utilities, canals, housing… • Ecology/Ecosystem Studies • Flood Control • Agriculture • Soil Erosion http://www.datapointed.net/2009/11/the-steeps-of-san-francisco/

  3. Data Collection • Surveys • Shuttle Rader Telemetry Mission (SRTM) • Elevations for the entire world at 30 meters • Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) • Much higher resolution

  4. Tools • Color ramps: Visualization • Hill shades: Backgrounds • “3D” display: Visualization • Histogram: How much surface at each elevation range? • Contours: Topographic maps • Classification: Appropriate uses • Slope: How steep? • Aspect: Toward the sun? • Resample: Reduce artifacts • Stream paths • View sheds

  5. Surveying • Differential GPS with Laser measuring • Can be < 1 cm • GSP • 10 to 30 meters

  6. GTOPO 30 arc seconds ~ 1 kilometer NASA

  7. SRTM • Shuttle Radar Telemetry Mission • 80% of the Earth’s surface • Vertical Accuracy < 20 meters • Horizontal Accuracy < 20 meters • Spatial Resolution ~ 30 meters • http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/dataprod.htm#Gallery http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/statistics.html

  8. SRTM NASA

  9. GTOPO To SRTM NASA

  10. St. Helens Crater

  11. Alaskan Glacier

  12. ETOPO – Global Relief 1 arc-minute ~ 2 kilimeters

  13. LiDAR • Light Distance and Ranging redcrosspdx.blogspot.com

  14. LiDAR • Lower Newton Creek

  15. LiDAR and Photography

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