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Community based approaches for addressing chemical contamination WaterAid experiences

Learn about WaterAid's efforts in supporting communities' access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene, specifically addressing fluoride and arsenic contamination in water sources.

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Community based approaches for addressing chemical contamination WaterAid experiences

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  1. Community based approaches for addressing chemical contaminationWaterAid experiences

  2. About WaterAid • Supporting communities access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene • Global presence in 27 countries • In India • Present in India in 10 states • Work through partnerships to influence delivery of services that are appropriate, integrated, sustainable, informed and transferrable

  3. Freedom from fluoride • Area: 14 villages in Tirala, Dharampuri and Umarban blocks of Dhar district in MP • 974 HH; population = 6,694 • Major issues: • High poverty • High levels of dental fluorosis • Low awareness • Absence of safe water sources

  4. Strategy • Database development of: • Water quality of all water sources in all villages: dugwells, tubewells, hand pumps, ponds • Health status of villagers: dental fluorosis, urinary fluoride • Community awareness - About fluoride, water quality, dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride

  5. Fluoride content • Sample size: 109 sources; 8 villages

  6. Strategy • Capacity development of NGO/ community on - Fluoride monitoring • Identification of safe sources, especially surface sources and developing a water supply system • Sustainability measures • Community developed O and M system based on operating costs (Rs 16,000 per annum) • Developing water conservation structures

  7. Challenges/ learning • Urinary fluoride is a good bio-indicator to measure fluoride intake • Ensuring sanitary protection of shallow drinking water sources • Sustaining water resources over long period given the basaltic terrain • Use of MNERGA funds • Sustaining O and M initiatives

  8. Addressing arsenic • Project area: 3 villages in Baria block, Ballia district, UP

  9. Strategy • Development of a model that is community-based, owned, operated and managed • Exposure visit to West Bengal to understand experience of community arsenic removal filters: AMAL • Identification of villages, gram sabha involvement • Awareness programmes • Focusing on community decisions • Formation of water committees and SHGs

  10. Strategy:Testing samples, informing people

  11. Filter features The Amal filter: • Community management possible • Simple technology • Locally produced and so affordable • No electricity requirement • Maintenance ease: servicing every 8-12 months • Capacity: 300 families; 1500 school children • Life: 10-15 years

  12. Strategy • Setting rules: Community decisions on - Site for filter installation - Quantity of water - Timing of water supply - User fees • Selection of operator and honorarium • Responsibility of O and M with the Water Committee

  13. Water committee responsibilities • Ensuring safe supply • Maintaining a bank account • Selection of an operator responsible for daily backwash, keeping it functional • Maintaining registers : • Complaint book, water quality, • back wash, minutes, • contribution, bank pass book

  14. Searching for simpler solutions • Panchayat efforts • Identifying and reviving wells and making these sanitary, • Accessing funds for the above

  15. Sustainability measures • Training 600 jalsurakshaks (volunteers): – water availability and quality • About arsenic and its presence in Ballia • Presence of arsenic in shallow and deep aquifers • Manifestations of arsenic, arsenicosis • Arsenic mitigation measures • Assessment

  16. Challenges • Concept that safe water is free • Deep rooted caste system • Lack of awareness • Safe disposal of toxic waste

  17. Vital ingredients • Community involvement and setting of terms • PRI involvement • Monitoring and informing • Offering solutions that are viable • Systems in place for sustaining sources and systems and monitoring • Accessing government funding • Pooling of resources

  18. Thank You

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