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Ethical Theories: Explaining, Describing, and Predicting Behavior

Explore the various ethical theories that explain, describe, prescribe, and predict human behavior in dealing with others. Discover teleological and deontological ethical theories, including Utilitarianism, Divine Command, Kant's Duty Ethics, Natural Law Theory, and more.

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Ethical Theories: Explaining, Describing, and Predicting Behavior

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  1. MCOM 301: Media Law & Ethics Law & Ethics

  2. Ethical Theories • Theories are ways of explaining phenomena. • Ethical theories generally attempt to explain, describe, prescribe or predict ethical behavior or standards • They are explanatory when they give reasons why humans take whatever moral decisions in their dealing with others.

  3. Ethical Theories • They are prescriptive when they stipulate how people should behave in certain ethical situations. • They are predictive if they indicate how people are likely to behave under certain ethical situations. • Ethical theories can be divided into two main classifications: • 1. Teleological (or consequentialism) and • 2. Deontological (or non-consequentialism)

  4. Ethical Theories • 1. Teleological Ethical Theory or Consequentialism • This is concerned with the result of the action. An action is considered as good if it produces good results. • The Ethical Utilitarian's • The Ethical Egoists • Ethical Pragmatism

  5. Ethical Theories • Deontological Ethics or Non-Consequentialism • This ethical school maintains that a good action should not depend on the result or consequences, but rather on its intrinsic value, hence the adherents of the theory are called non-consequentialists. • Divine Command • Kant’s Duty Ethics • Natural Law Theory

  6. Ethical Theories • Natural Law Theory • 1. Right to life • 2. Right to property • 3. Freedom of expression • 4. Welfare rights • 5. Rights of children, and • 6. Rights of animals

  7. Ethical Theories • Other Ethical Theories • Ethical Universalism • Absolutist Ethics • Relativist Ethics • Objectivist Ethics • Subjectivist Ethics • Legalistic Ethics • Antinomian Ethics • Situational Ethics • God-based ethics - supernaturalism

  8. Ethical Theories • Other Ethical Theories • Intuitionism • moral truths are not discovered by rational argument • moral truths are not discovered by having a hunch • moral truths are not discovered by having a feeling • Situation ethics

  9. Mass Media and Regulation • Why the Mass Media Are Regulated the World Over? • There are four formal regulatory mechanisms of the mass media as follows: • a) Constitutional provisions • b) Statutes • c) Ethical guidelines • d) Informal restraints

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