Module 3 : CREATIVITY IN FOOD & NEW FOOD DEVELOPMENT – ETHICAL SOURCING & ECO NUTRITION

1. Module 3 : CREATIVITY IN FOOD & NEW FOOD DEVELOPMENT – ETHICAL SOURCING & ECO NUTRITION

2. A trip to the supermarket these days is fraught with ethical considerations. • Where and how were these strawberries grown? • Did those practices use land and water efficiently, and pesticides safely? • Who grew the coffee beans, and how were the workers treated? • Were the chickens that laid these eggs kept humanely, and what does humane chicken-rearing even look like?

3. WHY ? Conscientious consumers are looking beyond food safety and demanding even more. They’re not just talking about it. Many are basing purchasing decisions on whether the food is safe, of the highest quality and ethically sourced. They want assurance that their food has been grown and processed in a manner that meets their own standards of social and environmental responsibility.

4. Mintel tell us that consumers are not afraid to boycott brands that do not act ethically. Indeed, half (52%) of consumers say they would stop buying products from a company if they found out it was acting unethically. http://www.mintel.com/press-centre/food-and-drink/74-of-consumers-list-animal-welfare-among-the-top-factors-which-make-a-food-brand-ethical

5. 5 Principles that underpin Ethical Food Choices • Transparency: We have the right to know how our food is produced. 2. Fairness: Producing food should not impose costs on others. 3. Humanity: Inflicting unnecessary suffering on animals is wrong. 4. Social Responsibility: Workers are entitled to decent wages and working conditions. 5. Needs: Preserving life and health justifies more than other desires. • Source: The way we eat: Peter Singer, Jim Mason

6. START WITH ETHICAL BUYING Given the love and care that goes into making your products, find ingredient suppliers that care and are ethical, suppliers that respect the environment, as well as the animals and people living there and with suppliers that minimise their environmental impact.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Energy consumption, water use, waste management and pollution prevention are critical to ethical business practices. REFER TO MODULE 4 ‘HOW TO LEAN AND GREAT FOOD SERVICES’ FOR EXCELLENT EXAMPLES AND TEMPLATES TO DO THIS.

8. BARRIERS What is the biggest factor preventing more companies developing ethical sourcing policies for their ingredients? Starbucks Coffee Company have the view ... “The biggest factor holding companies back is the misunderstanding that it's not just the right thing to do, it's the right thing to do for business success. We work hand-in-hand with producers to help improve quality and ensure environmental and social best practices. The best example of our policies at work is the implementation of our C.A.F.E. Practiceswhich we developed in collaboration with Conservation International nearly a decade ago’.

9. Starbucks Coffee Company C.A.F.E. Practices http://www.starbucks.com/responsibility/sourcing/coffee C.A.F.E. Practices cover guidelines in four key areas: quality, economic accountability and transparency, social responsibility and environmental leadership. Taken together, the standards help farmers grow coffee in a way that’s better for both people and the planet. This approach could act as structure for other companies to follow

10. MARKS & SPENCER ETHICS APPROACH “In future ethics should be as important as quality for all businesses. You wouldn't sell something that wouldn't meet your quality standard. Likewise you shouldn't sell something that doesn't meet your ethical standard.” Louise Nicholls, Head of Responsible Trading for Food, M&S Source: http://www.ethicaltrade.org/in-action/people/louise-nicholls

11. Ethical Food Companies… Behind the Brands, a report from Oxfam, forensically examines the social and environmental impacts of world’s 10 largest food and drink companies, including Kellogg’s, Coca-Cola, Danone, Unilever, and Nestlé. http://www.irishtimes.com/news/consumer/ethical-shopping-on-the-cheap-1.1328900

12. Ethical Food Companies… According to The Irish Times, ‘Nestlé’s record may surprise its critics: although the company is still under an active boycott for its promotion of breast milk formula in the developing world, it is nonetheless ranked by Oxfam as having made the most progress of the 10 companies surveyed’. http://www.irishtimes.com/news/consumer/ethical-shopping-on-the-cheap-1.1328900 http://www.irishtimes.com/news/consumer/ethical-shopping-on-the-cheap-1.1328900

13. Learning from the World’s Most Ethical Food Companies • We highlight the following companies who Forbes have identified as the most ‘ethical companies’:- • All Good Organics New Zealand • Aramark USA (http://www.aramark.ie/our-ethics/) • IngredionIncorportated USA • Illycaffé spa Italy • Kellogg Company USA • Pepsico USA • http://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2014/03/20/the-worlds-most-ethical-companies/#2715e4857a0b4415cd7c4d16

14. All Good Organics – New Zealand All Good Organics believe that Fairtrade shouldn't be a special term. They think all businesses should be fair. That's why they've worked hard to buy their Fairtrade bananas from the El Guabo cooperative of small farmers in Ecuador because they know that they do more than just fair trading, they make a difference to the lives of growers, their children and the environment.

15. Ethical Sourcing Statement What does Ethical Sourcing mean to your company? Your commitment - write down your policy in relation to Quality; Animal Welfare; Sourcing & Sustainability; Environment; People; Relationships With Suppliers; Ethics. Etc.. How will you Comply with your Policy? Key Contacts

16. Ethics and Emotions – Consumer Trends

17. Ethics, Emotions and Organic Food (Bord Bia, Ireland ) ‘Recycling’ was rated as the most significant activity in terms of both concern and active steps being taken by Irish people – it provided a feel good ‘halo’ effect for them with regards to many other areas on non-activity/concern Organic Consumer Research - Ethics, Emotions and Organic Food (Bord Bia) http://www.bordbia.ie/industry/manufacturers/insight/publications/bbreports/Documents/Organic%20Consumer%20Research%202008%20-%20Ethics,%20Emotions%20and%20Organic%20Food.pdf

18. RECYCLING The issue of recycling is one that has been present in the minds of consumers for several years. For many consumers it reassures them that they are ‘doing the right thing’ that they are doing something proactive/beneficial for society and the environment..

19. RECYCLING • The key features of recycling are • it is a civic act demonstrable to themselves and to others • it is easy to do - because typically the infrastructure is in place • it requires minimal disruption • Ultimately, for many consumers if they only feel the need to do one thing for the environment, they choose recycling

20. ‘As a concept ‘Fairtrade’ was found to be appealing because it was perceived to be an opportunity to directly improve the living conditions of other human beings i.e. workers in the Third World. ‘ Fairtrade’ appealed to their emotional sense of justice and fair-play.

21. Fairtrade – a new opportunity for your food business Research conducted by Globescan* found that awareness and appetite for Fairtrade in Ireland is very high: 82% of people surveyed were aware of Fairtrade. Worldwide, this figure was second only to the UK. This level of awareness and interest is reflected in a positive trend in growth of sales for Fairtrade products in Ireland. Sales of Fairtrade products increased by 15% from €174 million in 2012 to €200 million in 2013, with a 21% rise in Fairtrade banana sales, 14% rise in Fairtrade coffee sales and 22% rise in Fairtrade chocolate sales. Just 7.7% of bananas sold in Ireland are Fairtrade. In the UK the corresponding figure is 30% while in Switzerland 50% of bananas are Fairtrade certified. http://www.fairtrade.ie/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/CORPORATE-RELEASE-Consumer-Spending-Increase.pdf

22. About Fairtrade Widely regarded as the gold standard. By putting the Fairtrade mark on products, stocking Fairtrade goods or serving them to customers, you have a positive impact on small farmers’ and workers’ lives in the developing world. You take part in a sustainable supply chain and you can demonstrate your ethical commitment to your clients.

23. Fairtrade and Irish Consumers Ireland hasthe highest per capita spend on Fairtradein the world. Independent GlobeScan research shows 85%of Irish consumerstrustthe Fairtrade mark.

24. Getting involved with Fairtrade The Fairtrade mark operates on the basis of becoming a licensee. For resellers/producers of Fairtrade products, the first step is to register your company with Fairtrade. They will then get in touch with you to arrange a meeting at which you can sign a licence agreement. You will then be ready to get your products certified. If you run a restaurant, cafe or you are a retailer, you can use the National Fairtrade Purchasing Guide to help you find a supplier of packaged Fairtrade products

25. Getting involved with Fairtrade TRADER - you will need to register as a trader with Fairtrade in your country. Your customers will then be able to use your products or ingredients in their Fairtrade certified products. If you are buying and selling unfinished Fairtrade products or ingredients internationally, please visit the FLO-Cert website as you will need to become an internationally certified trader.

26. LIDL AND FAIR TRADE BANANAS in IRELAND Lidl Ireland has revealed that one in four bananas sold in its 140 stores nationwide is certified Fairtrade, which positions the discounter at the top of the leader-board of Fairtrade commitment compared to other Irish retailers. In fact, Lidl sell 44% of all Fairtrade bananas sold in Ireland. The remaining Irish retailers sell on average just 5% of their bananas as Fairtrade certified.

27. ‘Supporting ‘Local Food’ achieved a strong response both in terms of people’s desire to actively take steps and overall concern about the issue. Concern was predominantly driven by a desire to support local industry, local communities and protect jobs.

28. Ethics Based Accreditation Options Soil Association: campaigns for healthy, humane and sustainable food, farming and land use.

29. Soil Association - UK Soil Association Certification is the UK's largest organic certification body, responsible for certifying over 70% of all organic products sold in the country. They certify organic food and farming, organic textiles and organic beauty products. The Soil Association organic logo on pack is the most recognised in the UK and your customer's guarantee that your produce meets the highest standards of sustainability and quality. For foods to be labelled as organic, at least 95% of the ingredients must come from organically produced plants and animals.

30. Rainforest Alliance The Rainforest Alliance is an international nonprofit organization that works to conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable livelihoods.

31. Rainforest Alliance Marks The Rainforest Alliance family of marks includes three distinct icons, which represent different relationships with our organization. In each case a company or operation must meet specific criteria and have a signed agreement with the Rainforest Alliance More info on use and requirements

32. The Rainforest Alliance has an online tool which enables you to search for certified products in your country www.rainforest-alliance.org/shopthefrog Eg. List left shows Rainforest Alliance Certified Products in Ireland

33. Marine Stewardship Council: sustainably sourced fish. www.msc.org The MSC is an international non-profit organisation established to address the problem of unsustainable fishing, and safeguard seafood supplies for the future. Fisheries and seafood businesses can get certified to the MSC standards to show that they support sustainable fishing and gain access to the growing market.

34. Key stages of MSC certification 1. Pre-assessment -Identifies any potential challenges for certification. 2. Full assessment - Includes opportunities for stakeholder input and peer review. 3. Certification - Lasts up to 5 years. 4. Annual audits - Carried out by the certifier to ensure continued compliance. 5. Reassessment - Within five years of the last certificate being granted.

35. Forest Stewardship Council: guarantees the product comes from responsible sources.

36. CASE STUDY – Blakes Organic Chocolates Blakes is an Irish company that sources seriously delicious chocolate and ethics at the heart of all it does. The products tick both the organic and Fairtrade boxes with the certification to match. The chocolates do not contain soya lecithin - an additive that binds cocoa and cocoa butter - which some people worry could be linked to soya allergies. Blakes chocolate is made from 100% Certified Organic ingredients and are also Fairtrade certified. www.blakesorganicchocolate.ie

37. ETHICS & CORPORATE RESPONSIBILTY

38. CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY One in four consumers agree that where they shop for groceries depends on the range of ethical food products available, over two in five (45%) say that buying ethical groceries makes them feel good about themselves. https://www.agriland.ie/farming-news/animal-welfare-a-top-factor-in-making-a-food-brand-ethical/

39. TESCO CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY Suppliers & Ethical Trading Supporting the local economy and working with the Irish food and agricultural industry is a core value for Tesco Ireland. We are committed to sourcing local products where possible. Tesco Ireland puts ethical trading at the heart of its operations by adhering to the Ethical Trading Initiative and making sustainable environmental impact a key business priority http://www.tesco.ie/corporate-responsibility/suppliers-and-ethical-trading/

40. What is Eco Nutrition ?

41. ECO NUTRITION – MOTIVATING FACTORS We live in a world of constant information overload, rapid technological advances and expectations of instant gratification. We are bombarded with the ‘next big thing’ – gadgets, wonder drugs, miracle anti-ageing treatments, super-foods, the latest celebrity diet. All this makes it very difficult to know what advice to follow and what to dismiss as just another fad.

42. Eco Nutrition is a sustainable way of nourishing ourselves, mainly for our own health and wellbeing, but with the added benefits that it can saves us money, reduces the burden on struggling healthcare systems; it is kind to the food growers in the developing world and the environment. It takes us back to basics, to our powerful connections with the soil that we can lose through too much overdependence on processed food.

43. Case Study: Numi Organic Tea Overview:Numi Organic Tea is rooted in the principle of creating a healthful product that nurtures people and honours the planet. Health:USDA certified organic; made with 100 percent herbs, fruits, flowers and spices; no artificial flavourings or fragrances Environment: Production facility powered by solar energy; purchases renewable energy credits to offset emissions from supply chain; outer packaging made from 85 percent post-consumer waste and soy-based inks; tea bags made from biodegradable filter paper; no use of plastic shrink wrap Social:Uses fair trade-certified ingredients for half of its blends and 80 percent of its raw ingredients  Products: Tea bags, loose leaf, iced and flowering teas

44. Case Study: Ella’s Kitchen Overview:Created by two parents who believed their baby should have healthier and more delicious food options, Ella’s Kitchen Health:Free from excess preservatives/additives; offers gluten-free, lactose-free and vegetarian foods Environment:Uses Forest Stewardship Council-certified cardboard and recycled paper; Social:Donates food to hungry families through community charities; partners with Celiac Disease Foundation; donates to the Kasisi Children’s Home in Zambia Products: 100% Organic Baby and children’s food products including gluten-free, lactose-free and vegetarian options

48. CASE STUDY: BEYOND MEAT Beyond Meat are recognised as one of the world’s most innovative food companies for rerouting agriculture’s environmental impact. Beyond Meat has created a meat alternative good enough to tempt devout carnivores. It aligns soy and pea proteins so they mimic meaty texture, without antibiotics, hormones, or transfats. Its "chicken" strips and taco "beef " crumble hit the market last year. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) named Beyond Meat its company of the year, and investors such as Bill Gates, Kleiner Perkins, and the Humane Society have signed on. www.beyondmeat.com/

49. TECHNOLOGY: New app launches for ethical shoppers The Ethical Company Organisation's best-selling Good Shopping Guide has been turned into an app, using its ethical product research which aims to cut through corporate "greenwash". The ethical shopping advice is an Apple App and is £2.99. 10%of net revenue will go to green campaigners Friends of the Earth.

50. WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE .... Ethical shopping guide to Baked Beans Use it to check your product category http://www.ethicalconsumer.org/buyersguides/food/bakedbeans.aspx