Research and Future Plans of Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems

1. Main Researches and Future Plans of Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear ProblemE. Syresin Elementary Particle Physics and Relativistic Nuclear Physics •ATLAS General –purpose pp Experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider •Development of JINR Basic Facility for Generation of Intense Heavy Ion and Polarized Nuclear Beams. •Study of e+e- Interactions, Linear Collider Physics and Detector •International Linear Collider: Accelerator Physics and Engineering •Study of Neutrino Oscillations and Determination of Oscillation Parameters •JINR’s Participation in the Physics Research Programme at the Upgraded Fermilab Tevatron Nuclear Physics •Investigations of Fundamental Interactions in Nuclei at Low Energies •Improvement and Development of the JINR Phasotron for Fundamental and Applied Research •Nucleous and Particle Interaction at Intermediate Energies Radiation and Radiobiological Research •Further Development of Methods and Instrumentation for Radiotherapy and Associated Diagnostics with JINR Hadron Beam Innovation activity in framework of Dubna SEZ •Project of Dubna Center of Radiation Medicine • DLNP Nanotechnology Projects Realized at Dubna SEZ

2. International Linear Collider: Accelerator Physics and Engineering DLNP Research works related to FLASH, XFEL and ILC projects PARAMETERS OF ULTRASHORT ELECTRON BUNCHES JINR – Sarov- INFN-Pisa collaboration produces connection of a bi-metallic Ti-SS tubes by explosion welding. It permits to connect the Titanium helium vessel with a 76-mm diameter two-phase helium line. Such a transition would allow for a very substantial cost savings in the 4th generation cryomodule production.

3. Parameters of FEL radiation, FLASH MCP detector Pulse Energy (µJ) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 `12 13 14 15 Bunch Number Wavelength 6-100 nm Average energy per pulse up to 50 µJ Maximum energy per pulse up to 130 µJ Radiation pulse duration 25-30 fs Peak power (from average) up to 1 GW Spectral width (FWHM) 0.8% Angular divergence (FWHM) 160 µrad Peak Brilliance ~ 1028 ph/s/mrad2/mm2/(0.1%bw) MCP detector: JINR, Dubna

4. JINR infrared undulator applied for short bunch measurements and pump probe experiments in FLASH-DESY tunnel June 2007, DESY 2006, JINR Workshop

5. XFEL BUNCH MEASHUREMENTS AND PUMP-PROBE EXPERIMENTS FLASH FIR undulator Coherent radiation of FLASH FIR undulator FLASH First Pump –Probe experiments with VUV and FIR undulators Electrons produced by VUV photons are accelerated by electric field of IR light. Spectra measurement of accelerated electrons permits to reconstruct the FLASH VUV pulses

6. Method to measure the beam energy in ILC Magnetic Spectrometer (e.g. proposed in LC-DET-2004-031) JINR-DESY (Zeuthen) collaboration Beam position Monitors Beam position Monitors 5 mm Dipole#2 Dipole#1 Dipole#3 10 m E= 250 GeV, Bl = 0.4 Tm, sBPM = 100 nm  dEb/Eb ~ 5 x 10-5 Beam energy measurement is based on precise angular measurement and on precise B-field integral (ΔB/B = 2 10-5) of the spectrometer magnet

7. Electron energy measurements at prototype SLAC spectrometer R. Arnold et al., PAC07, 3085. SLAC T-474 project realized in framework of JINR-SLAC-DESY(Zeuthan) collaboration Electron energy - 28.5 GeV beam BPM resolution ≈ 1 μm Accuracy of the magnetic field integral is 100 ppm. Relative electron energy resolution is 2.5∙10-4. Experimentally measured and calculated mid-chicane beam deflection during 5 steps of energy scan in range 0.2 GeV

8. Proton therapy at DLNP phasotron 3D conformal proton beam treatment were realized in Russia only in JINR. Prostate treatment equipment Cancer treatment in room №1 During last years around 100 patients per year were radiated by proton beam in JINR Medical-Technical Complex

9. CANCER TREATMENT ON PHASOTRON BEAMS Plan of proton treatment of brain cancer tissue (right), NMR tomogram before treatment (left) NMR tomogram after 3 months later (down)

10. INNOVATION ACTIVITY DLNP IN FRAME WORK OF DUBNA SEZ DUBNA CYCLOTRON CENTER OF PROTON THERAPY Dubna Center of Radiation Medicine (CRM) involves: Cyclotron Center of Proton Therapy, PET center, Department of convention radiotherapy with electron linac, Diagnostic department, Proton therapy clinic. The scheme of accelerator equipment of Dubna CRM. The Center of proton therapy has 3 treatment rooms, 1 with the gantry and 2 rooms with the fixed beams. About 1000 patients per year will be treated there.

11. Cyclotron C235 JINR-IBA collaboration develops a medical cyclotron for the proton therapy. This year it is planned to complete its construction and in 2009 to carry out the beam tests. After that the accelerator could be installed in the Dubna hospital Centre of proton therapy. Simulation of magnetic field To provide small internal losses (<15% instead of 50% now) Athimuthal angle variation

12. JINR-IBAC400 cyclotron applied for carbon therapy JINR-IBA collaboration designed the C 400 superconducting cyclotron for the carbon therapy and IBA starts its construction. This first medical carbon cyclotron will be installed within the framework of the Archade project in Caen (France).

13. NANOTECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED AT DLNP Radiation hard semiconductor gamma-detectors JINR and Tomsk University Collaboration Proposal of XFEL HYBRID PIXEL ARRAY DETECTOR The main task of XFEL complex – new research of nanostructures with femtoseconds time resolution – requires a new generation of instrumentation and analysis tools - Large area Hybrid Pixel Array Detector. Strip detector Pixel detector “NANOSCAN” Production of radiation-hard semiconductor gamma-detectors on the basis of Ga-As for high-tech applications in nanoindustry, medicine and integrated security systems

14. Micropixel Avalanche Photodiodes The micropixel avalanche photodiodes (MAPD) is a novel photodetector with a multipixel intrinsic structure on the common silicon substrate. Each pixel works as independent photon microcounter on the common load in the Geiger mode to the total number of pixels. New technology realized at 250 nm permits to reach few μm pixel size and pixel density of 40000 mm-2. MAPD could be effectively applied in nanoindustry, medicine technique, radiation control, biology and high energy physics.

15. The nanostructure studies by the positron annihilation spectroscopy method on the LEPTA facility Positron annihilation spectroscopy permits to define structure of a material with resolution of 1 nm.

16. Conclusion • DLNP Research Plan is fully in line with JINR priorities defined by “Road Map”. DLNP contributions are well visible inside the collaborations. DLNP innovation activity in framework of Dubna SEZ is under active Realization now.