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Decentralized energy supply based on the example of Pellworm

Decentralized energy supply based on the example of Pellworm Activities for a prospective reliable , sustainable and economic grid with different energy storage systems SEEEI Electricity 2012, Eilat, Israel

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Decentralized energy supply based on the example of Pellworm

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  1. Decentralizedenergysupplybased on theexampleofPellworm Activitiesfor a prospectivereliable, sustainableandeconomicgridwith different energystoragesystems SEEEI Electricity 2012, Eilat, Israel Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reiner Schütt, West Coast University ofApllied Science, Heide, Germany

  2. Agenda • Motivation • Basic conditionsof Pellworm • Technical aspectstosetup a smart grid • Non technicalaspectstosetup a smart grid • Summary Hybrid-Kraftwerk Pellworm, E.ON Hanse Wärme GmbH

  3. Motivation: Situation in Germany • Expansion ofrenewable energies1): • 2010: PWPP = 22,2GW, PPVPP = 17,3GW • 2030: PWPP= 67,2GW, PPVPP= 61,0GW • 2050: PWPP= 82,8GW, PPVPP= 67,2GW • Relationshipof not atany time usable power tosecure power 1): • 2010: 61GW / 103GW ≈ 1 / 1,7 • 2030: 133GW / 84GW ≈ 1 / 0,6 • 2050: 153GW / 74GW ≈ 1 / 0,5 • Network stabilityrequirescoverageofconsumptionthroughproductionandstorage • Additional control power isnecessary • Additional networkexpansionisnecessary: • HV-Grid: 3.500 km 2) • MV-Grid: 55.000 - 140.000 km 3) • LV-Grid: 140.000 – 240.000 km 3) • 1 BMU Pilot study 2011 • 2 DENA GridstudyII (2011) • 3 BDEW AssessmentEstimationoftheexpansionneedswithinthe German distributiongrid due toPhotovoltaic- and wind supplyuntil2020 (2011)

  4. Motivation: mainaspects In additiontotheexpansionofrenewableenergies, theconversionofelectricalenergysupplyincludesthefollowingaspects: • high capitalinvestment, longplanningandconstructiontimes, lack ofacceptance, • high capitalinvestment, longplanningandconstructiontimes, lack ofacceptance • large energylosses, high additional costsandreductionofthe CO2emissions, • currentlyonlysmallanddifficulttobeopeneduppotentials, • additional losses, investmentsandfees, still underdevelopment, • newcommunicationinfrastructureandstandards, additional investments, datasecurity

  5. Motivation: Challenges • The followingchallengesarisefortherestructuringoftheenergysupply: • Maintainingtheusualsupplyreliabilityandquality • Consideringthespecialitiesof Schleswig-Holstein withthe high percentageofrenewables due totheconsumptionandformanyyearsinvolvedmarketparticipants (power generators, municipalities, aggregator, gridoperators, energysuppliersandconsumers) and a varietyofactivities in thefieldof smart grid • Continuedexpansionofrenewableenergyplants, supplementingitwith additional storageandcontrollableloads, • Replacementofpreviousfeed-in managementthrough intelligent supply, storageandloadmanagement, • Replacementof rigid power pricingmodelsthroughmarket-oriented, time-variable and flexible models • Replacementofexistingorganizationalstructuresthroughneworganizations. • → Projekt SmartRegionPellwormwithinamongothersthe BMU – „Storageinitiative“

  6. Motivation: Stepstosetup a smart grid • Basics tosetup a Smart Grid: • There is not only one Smart Grid but several Smart Grids which are adopted to the specific requirements. • The establishment of efficient Smart Grids is only possible, if the smart grid sub aspects are examined together. • Smart grids can only be constructed together with producers, grid operators and consumers. Schritte zum Aufbau des Smart Grid Innovationsstudie Pellworm

  7. Basic conditionsoftheisleofPellworm Situated in the World Heritage National Park WaddenSea Area: 37,44 km² Population: ca. 1100 Households: ca. 720 District: Nordfriesland Community: Pellworm Economy: Tourism (ca. 2000 beds) Agriculture (ca. 50 Farmers) with a longtraditionofdecentralizedenergysupply: Solar power plant (1983), Hybrid power plant (1989), Civic wind park (1989), Expo-energyconcept (2000), Biogas plant (2002), Innovation Hybrid power plant (2005), Innovation studyPellworm(FHW, 2011)

  8. Basic conditionsoftheisleofPellworm Connection: two 20kVseacables, Substations: >50 Consumption: 7.100 MWh/a1 Generation: 22.300 MWh/a1 100 generatingplants(PV-PP, WPP, BPP), thereofone hybrid power plant (HPP) andonecivic wind park Energysupplier: E.ON Hanse AG Gridoperator: Schleswig-Holstein Netz AG Ownerofthe HPP: E.ON Hanse Wärme GmbH Civic wind park: Citizensandmunicipality Biogas plant: Private operator • 1Innovation study 2011

  9. Basic conditions: Detection, generationandconsumption • Generation with22,3GWh/a > Consumptionwith 7,1GWh/a • High degreeof hybrid power plant forgenerating(26%) • High degreeofnightstorageheatersforconsumption(10%) EnergyproducersandconsumersPellworm 2010 (ownillustration)

  10. Technical ascpects: Scenarios forstorageelementdesigns • Forthestorageelement design threescenariosaredefined: • Scenario 1: • Storage elementtolimittheenergyexchangewiththemainlandandavoidtheenergyprocurementfromthemainland (returnofenergyfromRES in directionofthemainlandispossible) • Such as 1a) withinvolvementof flexible loads • Noenergyexchangewiththemainland, sourcingofsystemservicesfromthemainland • Limitingtheenergyexchangeundermaximumtransmittablepower • Scenario 2: Minimizingofsystemlosses / power factorcorrection • Scenario 3: Directmarketingof RE

  11. Technical aspects: choiceofthestorageelement Mid/Long-term Realised plants • Pumped storage hydro power station • Compressed air storage power plant • Redox-flow batteries • Lead-acid battery Unloading time [h] Short-term • Lead-acid batteries • Flywheel energy storage • Condenser • Superconducting reels Electric power [MW] Source: Christian Doetsch, Fraunhofer Umsicht: Netzgebundene Speichertechnologien, E-World Essen 08.02.2011 Selectioncriteriasforstorageelements: output, power, chargeanddischarge time, levelofefficiency, availability, environmental compability, cost, accpetance

  12. Technical aspects: Storage element design Scenario 1 - A combinationofstorageelementswith a moderate sizeandflexible loadsreducestheannualenergyimportfromthemainlandbyupto 90% -

  13. Technical aspects: Examinationofstaticgridcharacteristics • Modeling ofproducersandconsumers on thebasisofexisting time serieswithrespecttolong-term influences (meteorologicaldata) andloadprofiles • Implementation ofthegridmapon Pellworm in themodelingenvironment(Digsilent) • Setting targetscenariosforthestorage design, takingintoaccounttheassessmentofstoragetechnologies • Calculationof residual voltageandloadconditions ExtractgriddistributionPellworm (Quelle: AST-IOSB)

  14. Technical aspects: Examination of dynamic grid characteristics • Voltageand power curvesatthegridmodelPellwormwithstorageelementsshow: • nounacceptably large voltagechanges in the MV network, • locationofthestorageelementfreelychoosable relative voltage progression over a day with extreme feed-in and removal situations = plot for a day of the medium voltage Pellworm (AST IOSB)

  15. Technical aspects: Buildingthecentralizedstorageelements • Blueprintfortheconstruction • Approvaloftheconstruction • Medium Voltageconnectionwithtwotransfomators • New BuildingfortheRedow-Flow-Battery • Container solutionfortheconverterstationandtheLithium-Battery Detailled plan forthehyprid power plant withstorageelements

  16. Technical aspects: Grid structure with storage elements

  17. Non-technicalaspectstosetupthe Smart Grid Pellworm • Economicaspects: • Business models for theownersofthe WPP, for theaggregators, for thegridsupplier, for theenergydistributor (directsales, saleoflocalgridservices, sustainableenergysupply in theregion, combinedgridmanagement) • Economicbenefitsfor smart gridparticipants, especiallyhousehold • Legal aspects: • contract design, contract duration for smart grid participants • data security and privacy • protection and warranty questions • Social aspects: • Communication strategy, transparency • Acceptance • active participation of several involved parties.

  18. Non-technicalaspects: Survey ofthecitizensof Pellworm How high isthewillingnesstoacceptmeasuresfortheconstructionof an intelligent grid? More thantwothirdofthehouseholdsassessthedevelopmentofrenewableenergiesasveryuseful. They do not feeldisturbedbytheexistinggenerationfacilitiesandseetheexpansionoftheelectricitygridasuseful. Very high Very low Evaluation ofthesurveysandinterviewsfrom 165 households

  19. Non-technicalaspects: Survey ofthecitizensof Pellworm • Altogetherthefollowingstatementscanbederived: • The citizensofPellwormbasicallywelcomethereconstructionoftheelectricalenergysupply. • Smart-Meteringcharacteristicsareknownandpositivelyevaluated. • The residentsareinterested in thedevelopmentofthe ICT infrastructure, but wouldpayonly a minorityforit. • Withincreasingage, thewillingnesstoinvest in a fast Internet connectionandtopaymonthlyforitgetslower. • The willingnesstouse an electricvehicleissurprisingly large.

  20. Summary: Project content • Construction, puttingintooperation, operationof a LIB (560kWLoad, 1,1MWEntl / 560kWh) and a RFB (geplant 200kW /1,2MWh) on thesiteofthe hybrid power plant withtheassociated power electronic supplyandrecoveryunit • Equipment for consumers (especiallywithelectricstorageheating) with power metersand smart metersincludingcontrolfacilities • Collectionandanalysisofconsumptionandproducerportfoliosasminutevalues • Automation oflocalenergyexchangeandconnectionofthecontrollableproducersandconsumers in thegridcontrolsystem, building a newcommunicationinfrastructure • Constructionandputtingintooperationtheenergymanagementsystemforgrid-parallel operationofthe hybrid power plant, storageandnightstorageheaters • Identifyingandimplementingthe optimal controlstrategyofthesystemcomponentsaccordingtoselectedstrategies • Evaluatetheoperation,marketingmodelsandinfluenceoftheprice-signals

  21. Summary: consortiumandtasks

  22. Stepstowards a newenergysupply: Example Pellworm • SmartRegion Pellworm = Componentofa newenergysupply • Pilot study 2011 • Activitiessince 2012 • Startingup in 2013 • Trading resultsuntil 2015 VisitPellworm: E.ON-Besucherzentrum atthe hybrid power plant, In de See, Pellworm

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