EE105 Microelectronic Devices and Circuits

1. EE105Microelectronic Devices and Circuits http://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee105 Prof. Sayeef Salahuddin sayeef@eecs.berkeley.edu 515 Sutardja Dai Hall

2. Teaching Staff Sayeef Salahuddin • Professor@ Berkeley since Fall 2008 • Courses: EE 230, EE105 • Office Hours: 1-2P, Tuesday and Wednesday @ 515 Sutardja Dai Hall • Other times through appointment • Research: quantum transport in nano scale devices

3. Teaching Assistants Amit lakahni DISCUSSION TA: Will Biederman Wilson Ko LAB TAs:

4. Schedule

5. What is this class all about? Semiconductor devices & basic integrated circuits • What will you learn? • How semiconductor devices work • Voltage amplifier circuits • analysis and design • applications • Digital CMOS circuit fundamentals (Refer to course syllabus for detailed list of topics)

6. Relation to Other Courses • Prerequisite: • EE40:  KVL and KCL, Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits, impedance, frequency response (Bode plots), semiconductor basics, simple pn-junction diode and MOSFET theory and circuit applications, large-signal vs. small-signal response, analog vs. digital signals. • Relation to other courses:  • EE105 is a prerequisite for EE113 (Power Electronics) and EE140 (Linear Integrated Circuits). • EE105 is also helpful (but not required) for EE141 (Introduction to Digital Integrated Circuits).

7. Class Materials • Textbook: Fundamentals of Microelectronics (1st Edition) by Behzad Razavi, Wiley Press, January 2008 • Lecture notes will be posted on the bspace • Lab assignments (and tutorials) will be posted online at the bspace • Use bspace for all information: inst website may not be updated • This class is available through podcast

8. Discussion Sections • Students are encouraged to regularly attend a discussion section. • The TAs will review key concepts covered in the lectures, and work through sample problems.

9. Laboratory Sections • Lab sections will begin Wednesday 9/6. • 353 Cory (no food or drinks!) • Students must regularly attend a lab section. • Lab experiments will be done in pairs. Each person should turn in his/her individual assignments. • Each pre-lab assignment is due at the beginning of the corresponding lab session. Post-lab assignments are due at the beginning of the following lab session. Pick up a computer account form today. (You will need to use it for the Prelab 1 assignment!)

10. Grading • Homework • due Tuesdays (beginning of class) • late homeworks not accepted • Laboratory assignments • due at beginning of lab session • 2 midterm exams (in class) • closed book • Final exam* • Fri 12/16/2010 from 7-10pm • closed book bring calculator Letter grades will be assigned based approximately on the following scale: A+: 98-100 A: 88-98 A-: 86-88 B+: 84-86 B: 74-84 B-: 72-74 C+: 70-72 C: 60-70 C-: 58-60 D: 50-60 F: <50 15% 15% 30% 40%

11. Top 5 Ways to Avoid an “A” Grade • Skip live lectures • Don’t put adequate effort into HW assignments • Do it at the last minute • Rely too much on collaboration • Don’t attend discussion sections • Don’t turn in the Lab reports • Don’t review HW solutions, old/sample exams and solutions

12. Miscellaneous • Special accommodations: • Students may request accommodation of religious creed, disabilities, and other special circumstances. Please make an appointment to discuss your request, in advance. • Academic (dis)honesty • Departmental policy will be strictly followed • Cheating on an exam will result in an “F” course grade. • Collaboration (not cheating!) is encouraged • Homework should be done individually. • Classroom etiquette: • Arrive in class on time! • Bring your own copy of the lecture notes.

13. Schedule

14. Introduction

15. Early History of IC Devices Lee De Forest, 1906 ENIAC-The first digital computer 1940’s: Vacuum-tube era • Vacuum tubes were used for radios, television, telephone equipment, and computers … but they were expensive, bulky, fragile, and energy-hungry •  Invention of the point-contact transistor ▪ Walter Brattain, John Bardeen, and William Shockley, Bell Labs, 1947 Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 • reproducibility was an issue, however •  Invention of the bipolar junction transistor (BJT) ▪ William Shockley, Bell Labs, 1950 • – more stable and reliable; easier and cheaper to make

16. Discrete Electronic Circuits • In 1954, Texas Instruments produced the first commercial silicon transistor. • Before the invention of the integrated circuit, electronic equipment was composed of discrete components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. These components, often simply called “discretes”, were manufactured separately and were wired or soldered together onto circuit boards. Discretes took up a lot of room and were expensive and cumbersome to assemble, so engineers began, in the mid-1950s, to search for a simpler approach… ~$2.50 each

17. In 1959, Robert Noyce (Fairchild Semiconductor) demonstrated an IC made in silicon using SiO2 as the insulator and Al for the metallic interconnects. The first planar IC (actual size: ~1.5mm diameter) The Integrated Circuit (IC) • An IC consists of interconnected electronic components in a single piece (“chip”) of semiconductor material. • In 1958, Jack S. Kilby (Texas Instruments) showed that it was possible to fabricate a simple IC in germanium.

18. 300mm Si wafer From a Few, to Billions of Components • By connecting a large number of components, each performing simple operations, an IC that performs complex tasks can be built. • The degree of integration has increased at an exponential pace over the past ~40 years. • The number of devices on a chip doubles every ~2 years, for the same price. “Moore’s Law” still holds today. Intel Penryn® Processor

19. The Silicon Revolution • Steady progress in integrated-circuit technology over 40+ years has had dramatic impact on the way people live, work, and play. • The semiconductor industry is approaching $300B/yr in sales: Military 2% Communications 24% Computers 42% Transportation 8% Industrial 8% Consumer Electronics 16%

20. EECS 105 in the Grand Scheme • Example electronic system: cell phone