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Modeling a Spatially Distributed Water Balance Using TOPMODEL

Modeling a Spatially Distributed Water Balance Using TOPMODEL. Nduhiu. Introduction. Spatial Hydrology: Spatial Hydrology is:

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Modeling a Spatially Distributed Water Balance Using TOPMODEL

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  1. Modeling a Spatially Distributed Water Balance Using TOPMODEL Nduhiu

  2. Introduction • Spatial Hydrology: • Spatial Hydrology is: • “the study of the motion of the earth’s waters and the transport of their constituents using the spatial data structures and functions of a geographic information system” (Maidment, R,D; 1997)

  3. Topics of Discussion • I will be applying a modified version of TOPMODEL – TOPNET over the Mt. Sterling River Basin, OH. • This version, (adapted by David Tarboton), applies the classical lumped TOPMODEL over each sub-watershed in a river network.

  4. Topic One • TOPMODEL assumptions: • Decreasing hydraulic conductivity with depth, • Saturated lateral flow driven by topographic gradient and controlled by depth to water table, • Steady state, saturated lateral flow related to equilibrium recharge rate.

  5. Project Overview • Objectives: • Collect and prepare data to run TOPMODEL over the Mt. Sterling River basin. • Calibrate model using multi-objective criteria • Compare model output to existing stream flow and soil moisture data (model validation).

  6. Model Structure • Schematic of model structure

  7. Model Inputs • Data Requirements: • Elevation data (NED) – USGS • Stream flow data (NHD) – USGS • Vegetation data (LULC) – USGS • Soils data (STATSGO) – • Precipitation data (NEXRAD stage III) - • Energy forcing data – DMIP (UW)

  8. Data Preparation • Stream network and elevation data • Prepare DEM (DEM reconditioning); • Fill sinks in DEM; • Run TauDEM for Stream network and Watershed delineation • Verify results.

  9. Data Preparation cont. Vegetation • In Arc Toolbox convert to grid • In Arc Map, use spatial analyst raster calculator Soils • From STATSGO soils data, export coverage to shape file in Arc Toolbox. • In Arc map, add this to active data frame. • Program fitf (Ross Woods, 2001) is then used to compile soils information for input to TOPMODEL.

  10. Data Preparation Precipitation • NEXRAD Stage III precipitation data OHRFC. • Process 12 months of stage III radar data to create a year long file. • Run make_raindat.exe to process raw radar data • Energy forcing data • Two data files created for use with TOPMODEL; • i) temper.dat – temperature(ºC), • Dew Point temperature, date & time. • ii) clipar.dat – Latlong of Basin center, temp. gage elevation, monthly diurnal temp. range.

  11. TopSetup • Run from within TauDEM and compiles spatial data to be used in TOPMODEL. • Model parameters distributed over the basin by subwatershed.

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