AVOIDING PLAGIARISM 11 th Grade

1. AVOIDING PLAGIARISM11th Grade Joanne F. Christensen Adapted from power points by Marianne F. Bates & Joyce Valenza

2. What is plagiarism? Representing someone else’s ideas or words as your own.

3. Plagiarism is: • Copying • Stealing • Cheating • Dishonest You must do your own work AND you must give credit when you use the work of others.

4. Types of Plagiarism • Direct-copying something word for word. • Self plagiarism-handing in a paper you wrote for another class (without the teacher’s permission).

5. Types of Plagiarism • Accidental or unintentional – not citing your sources correctly. • Collusion- Allowing someone else to copy your work or writing something for someone else.

6. Intentional Plagiarism • Copying a friend’s work • Buying or borrowing papers • Cutting and pasting blocks of text from electronic sources without documenting • Media “borrowing” without documentation • Web publishing without permissions of creators

7. Unintentional Plagiarism • Careless paraphrasing • Poor documentation • Quoting excessively • Failure to use your own “voice”

8. Why Academic Integrity? • When you copy you cheat yourself. You limit your own learning. • The consequences are not worth the risks! • It is only right to give credit to authors whose ideas you use

9. Why Academic Integrity? • Citing gives authority to the information you present • Citing makes it possible for your readers to locate your source • Education is not an “us vs. them” game! It’s about learning to learn! • Cheating is unethical behavior

10. The average punishment for students found guilty of cheating at Yale is a two-semester suspension The average punishment is the same at Harvard, where the plagiarism policy is outlined in a one-hour lecture during freshman orientation. Example yesatyale.org --Christian Science Monitor, 11 May 2006 www.pycomall.com

11. Did Plagiarism Change U.S. History? • Planned to run for the 1988 presidency • Accused of plagiarism in 1987 • “Not only borrowed the words of another politician, Neil Kinnock . . . He borrowed his life-story, too.” (The Economist, 2008) • In September, 2008, he dropped out because of the plagiarism report. flickr.com

12. Three Keys to Avoid Plagiarism • Summarize • Paraphrasing • Direct Quotations

13. What is this? http://www.worldbookonline.com

14. Information About the Grand Canyon “The Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular canyons in the world. It cuts through northwestern Arizona in Grand Canyon National Park The Grand Canyon extends 277 miles. It is about 1 mile deep. The canyon varies in width from less than 1 mile to 18 miles. . . The Colorado River flows through the canyon. The river formed the canyon over millions of years by cutting through layers of limestone, sandstone, shale, and other rocks. The rock layers vary in shade and color, and the tones seem to change during the day. Some rocks in the deepest part of the Grand Canyon date back 2 billion years. The Colorado River began to form the Grand Canyon about 6 million years ago.” --World Book Encyclopedia “Nature's greatest example of sculpture, the Grand Canyon in northern Arizona is the most spectacular canyon in the world. It is a gorge cut through high plateaus by the Colorado River. It is noted for its fantastic shapes and colors. Within the walls of the canyon stand imposing peaks, canyons, and ravines. In general, the color of the canyon is red, but each stratum (a layer of the Earth) or group of strata has a distinctive hue-buff and gray, delicate green and pink, and, in its depths, brown, slate-gray, and violet.” --Encyclopedia Britannica http://www.nps.gov/grca/

15. Finding Keywords canyon rock layers Arizona Colorado River gorge cutting plateau color, shade, tone stratum www.hikingtripreports.com

16. Using Keywords To Summarize • Use your own words • Use common information from one or multiple sources • Shorten • Write main ideas

17. Ready, Set, Write! Now, using your keywords, write a few sentences summarizing what you have learned about the Grand Canyon. Make it sound like you—not like an encyclopedia or a book. Underline your key words. mesa-travel.com

18. Summarize “The Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular canyons in the world. It cuts through northwestern Arizona in Grand Canyon National Park The Grand Canyon extends 277 miles. It is about 1 mile deep. The canyon varies in width from less than 1 mile to 18 miles. . . The Colorado River flows through the canyon. The river formed the canyon over millions of years by cutting through layers of limestone, sandstone, shale, and other rocks. The rock layers vary in shade and color, and the tones seem to change during the day. Some rocks in the deepest part of the Grand Canyon date back 2 billion years. The Colorado River began to form the Grand Canyon about 6 million years ago.” --World Book Encyclopedia “Nature's greatest example of sculpture, the Grand Canyon in northern Arizona is the most spectacular canyon in the world. It is a gorge cut through high plateaus by the Colorado River. It is noted for its fantastic shapes and colors. Within the walls of the canyon stand imposing peaks, canyons, and ravines. In general, the color of the canyon is red, but each stratum (a layer of the Earth) or group of strata has a distinctive hue-buff and gray, delicate green and pink, and, in its depths, brown, slate-gray, and violet.” --Encyclopedia Britannica http://www.aegweb.org

19. What can we find out about this topic? www.bized.co.uk

20. Information about Soft Drinks [A] “Soft drink is a flavored, nonalcoholic beverage prepared with carbonated water.. . . On the average, people in the United States drink about 56 gallons (201 liters) of soft drinks per person annually. . . Many soft drinks, especially colas, had their start in the late 1800s in the southern United States. Drugstore soda fountains originally sold many of the beverages as tonics. Individual druggists mixed their own special tonics as syrups. It later became popular to add soda water—that is, carbonated water—to these syrups before drinking them. Many restaurants still dispense soft drinks in much the same way, using equipment that mixes the soft drink syrup with carbonated water at the time the beverage is sold. Soon, the druggists discovered that there was a market for soft drinks in bottles, and they began to sell the beverages door-to-door and in grocery stores.” --World Book Encyclopedia www.theage.com.au

21. Secrets of Paraphrasing • One source • Use your own words • Use synonyms of key words • Use different sentence structure and phrases than the source uses • Use paraphrasing to avoid quoting, same content

22. Sweet Keywords……. carbonated water mixed called tonics non-alcoholic syrup average soda water annually market 1800s

23. Ready, Set, Write! Now write a few sentences paraphrasing the information you have. If you paraphrase correctly, it will sound like you—not like an encyclopedia. Underline YOUR key words. wikimedia.org

24. Information About Soft Drinks [A]“Soft drink is a flavored, non-alcoholic beverage prepared with carbonated water.. . . On the average, people in the United States drink about 56 gallons (201 liters) of soft drinks per person annually. . . Many soft drinks, especially colas, had their start in the late 1800s in the southern United States. Drugstore soda fountains originally sold many of the beverages as tonics. Individual druggists mixed their own special tonics as syrups. It later became popular to add soda water—that is, carbonated water—to these syrups before drinking them. Many restaurants still dispense soft drinks in much the same way, using equipment that mixes the soft drink syrup with carbonated water at the time the beverage is sold. Soon, the druggists discovered that there was a market for soft drinks in bottles, and they began to sell the beverages door-to-door and in grocery stores.” --World Book Encyclopedia www.instant-ramen.net

25. Who is he? Photo Credit: Bob HendersonHenderson Photography, Inc.

26. Quotes from Orson Scott Card • The future is a hundred thousand threads, but the past is a fabric that can never be rewoven.” • “Good people do not let others suffer needlessly.” • “The wise are not wise because they make no mistakes. They are wise because they correct their mistakes as soon as they recognize them.” • “Know, think, choose, do.” • "Isn't that what it means to be civilized? That you can wait to get what you want?" --Quotations by author Orson Scott Card luminousnerd.com

27. Why Quote? • Use a quote to let the author’s words support what you are saying. • Use quotes that are powerful and well-written to emphasize your point. **Remember you must put quotation marks around what you quote. “………………..……..”

28. Ready, Set, Write! Write a few autobiographical sentences about yourself. Use a quote by Orson Scott Card to emphasize a point in your writing. www.worldswithoutend.com

29. Emery

30. Quotes from Orson Scott Card • The future is a hundred thousand threads, but the past is a fabric that can never be rewoven.” • “Good people do not let others suffer needlessly.” • “The wise are not wise because they make no mistakes. They are wise because they correct their mistakes as soon as they recognize them.” • “Know, think, choose, do.” • "Isn't that what it means to be civilized? That you can wait to get what you want?" --Quotations by author Orson Scott Card www.hatrack.com

31. Your writing will be as powerful as the Grand Canyon, as sweet as soft drinks, and as creative as Orson Scott Card if you learn to paraphrase, summarize, and quote correctly! http://www.aegweb.org/ www.jacketflap.com http://shahriar08.files.wordpress.com

32. Some Other Tips to Help You Avoid Plagiarism • Only work in groups if your teacher says it is all right. • Recognize the work of others, if you work in groups.

33. More Tips…. • Refrain from copying and pasting from the internet or any electronic resource. • Prevent others from copying your completed assignments.

34. More Tips…. • Resubmit work you received credit for in another class only if it is approved by the teacher. • When you run out of time, ask for an extension instead of resorting to “cutting and pasting.”

35. More Tips…. • If you have a question about plagiarism, ask your teacher or a librarian.

36. Good luck with your research!

37. Works Cited • Demirjian, Karoun. “What is the price of plagiarism?” Christian Science Monitor. Accessed 9 May 2009. http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0511/p14s01-lire.html • Good Reads. “Orson Scott Card Quotes. Accessed 4 Apr 2011 <http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/589.Orson_Scott_Card> • “Grand Canyon.” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. SIRS Discoverer. Accessed 25 May 2009.< http://discoverer.prod.sirs.com> • “Grand Canyon.” World Book Encyclopedia Online. Pioneer Online. Accessed 25 May 2009. <www.pioneer.uen.org> • Hatrack River: The Official Site of Orson Scott Card. “Quote Database.” Accessed 4 Apr 2010. <http://www.hatrack.com/quotes/quotes.shtml>

38. Works Cited • "Joebama; Lexington.(What does Joe Biden bring to the Barack Obama ticket?)."  The Economist (US). 388. 8595 (August 30, 2008): NA. Student Resource Center - Gold. Gale. WEBER HIGH SCHOOL. 4 Apr. 2011 < http://find.galegroup.com/srcx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC- Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T004&prodId=SRC- 1&docId=A184138724&source=gale&srcprod=SRCG&userGroupName=ogde62236&version=1.0 >. • Microsoft Office. “Images.” http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/images- clip-art-photos-sounds-animations-FX102588427.aspx • Mieczkowski, Yanek. "Biden, Joe." World Book Student. World Book, 2011. Web. 4 Apr. 2011. < www.pioneer.uen.org >