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Electrolytic Targets for RIB Generation: An interesting possibility

Electrolytic Targets for RIB Generation: An interesting possibility . R.F. Welton, J.R. Beene, P.E. Mueller, D.W. Stracener (Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.) M.A. Janney (Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory).

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Electrolytic Targets for RIB Generation: An interesting possibility

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  1. Electrolytic Targets for RIB Generation: An interesting possibility R.F. Welton, J.R. Beene, P.E. Mueller, D.W. Stracener (Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.) M.A. Janney (Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

  2. Electrolytic Targets for Radioactive Ion Beam Generation • Introduction to super-ionic conductors • Concept of an electrolytic target / catcher • Target material characterization apparatus • Diffusion measurement of O in ZrO2 / Y2O3 (x=0.1) • Diffusion measurements of F in ZrO2 / Y2O3 (x=0.1) under an applied electric field (initial data)

  3. Super ionic conductivity in solids • Solid is a crystal formed with ionic bonds • High electrical conductivities (1-10-4 (W cm)-1) • Ionic transference numbers ~1 (negligible electron conduction) • High diffusivity as a result of • High concentration of thermally generated lattice defects • High mobility across a molten sublattice

  4. Partial list of elements employed as super ionic conductors Mobile species Host materials

  5. A4+ cation B3+, B2+ cation Anion Anion vacancy High Temperature Anionic ConductorsOxides of Zr, Te, La, Hf, Bi, Ce, Th and U Typically, oxides of quadrivalent cations such as Zr, Hf, Ce, U, Te and Th are employed. These species become strong ionic conductors when formed into a solid solution with lower valent oxides of Y, Sc, Mg, Ca, etc. This stabilizes a cubic fluorite structure containing a large quantity of anionic vacancies.

  6. Some technological applications of solid oxide electrolytes Oxygen Pumping Cell Fuel Cell Chemical Sensor

  7. - + Example of electrolytic transport:Ionic drift velocity of O through ZrO2 / Y2O3 (x=0.1)

  8. - + Electrochemical and thermal release efficiencies of O from a 1 mm slab of ZrO2 / Y2O3 (x=0.1) (1D calc.) Release efficiency (y) Half-life of RIB species (s) Electrochemical transport: v=5V Thermal transport: D~10-7 cm2/s

  9. Possible advantages of an electrolytic target • Higher intensities of RIBs already produced through conventional ISOL methods by eliminating the porous structure of the target: • more efficient transfer of heat within target material (larger production beam currents) • more efficient transfer of heat to a sink (larger production beam currents) • Significantly reduced effusive delay losses (Reduction in the target’s surface area by a factor of ~ 104: m2cm2 ) • Access to shorter-lived species than currently available using the traditional ISOL technique • For example, using thinner, multiple electrode segmented targets • Very fast diffusion and electrochemical transport of fission products from an actinide target • Serve as a non-gaseous catcher for next generation facilities • Possibility of surface ionization directly from the target material • Species selective ‘gate’ for elimination of isobars and unwanted vapors into the ion source (e.g. gate for 18F from Ne gas )

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