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Learning Outside the classroom Using ict and Technology. By Riala , Fatima R and Nadia. What is the LOC Manifesto ?.
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Learning Outside the classroom Using ict and Technology By Riala, Fatima R and Nadia
What is the LOC Manifesto? • The LOC Manifesto states ‘We believe that every young person should experience the world beyond the classroom as an essential part of learning and personal development, whatever their age, ability or circumstances’ - (LOC Manifesto) • Learning outside the classroom is defined as “The use of places other than the classroom for teaching and learning”
Advantages of Using ICT Outside the Classroom: • Learning outside the classroom supported by technology is often more engaging and motivating (Miller, 2015) compared to lessons taught in traditional classrooms. • Students can record natural history sightings, easily reference, find answers to questions, and reflect upon their experiences by taking notes, pictures, and videos (Conniff 2011; Zimmerman and Land 2014). • Instead of removing the continuous use of technology, it can be used to ‘encourage interactions with the natural world’ (Boyce, 2014). • Using ICT to learn outside the classroom also promotes independent learning because students carry out their own research and find answers to any questions they may have. Doesn’t limit learning to just the classroom. • Technology also presents universal tools that enable teachers to be inclusive and involve all types of students, including those who have SEN or are struggling. These include voice recognition, text-to-speech converter, translator, volume control, word prediction software and other assistive technologies.
Disadvantages of Using ICT Outside the Classroom: • Students can often get over excited and distracted when using technology therefore, lessons or activities may not always be successful. • Technology is seen as a way to entertain not educate therefore students are more likely to resort to books when learning and technology when socialising or playing games. • Teachers will have to learn how to support the students in terms of technology and how to use it effectively outside. If it is not implemented well it will most likely be unsuccessful. • Some schools cannot afford the latest technology such as iPads and Tablets, even if they are an investment. • Most apps and online resources require the use of Wi-Fi therefore there a limited technology resources to use outside.
Ways to take technology outdoors TECHNOLOGY • Mobile devices for networking and collaboration purposes. • Surfaces/tablets can be used to observe the environment in order to gather, share, organise and submit data. They also provide students with the opportunity to download different apps such as games, books and quizzes. • The GPS system is a very good tool for outdoor learning. It communicates with the satellite to determine the location on the earth. • Digital Cameras can be beneficial in gathering information and collecting evidence which can be shared with other students. • Digital weather stations-provide updates about the weather. (Wolf, 2017) OUTDOORS
ADJECTIVE HUNT • Students will be given list of adjectives. • Find an example, take a picture and write a little story about it.
National Curriculum and outdoor learning • According to the national curriculum, in order for a child to develop spiritually, morally, culturally, mentally and physically, it is important to prepare them for their later life. • By allowing students to experience outdoor learning, they are able to utilise their knowledge, enhance their experiences and equip themselves with skills they may need in future. • Using different resources such as technology can contribute hugely. • Technology not only enhances learning, but also teaches different experiences simultaneously (Anon, 2017).
Useful website to be used for outdoor learning • Project Noah -https://www.projectnoah.org/ • Journey North -http://www.learner.org/jnorth/ • Weatherbug -http://weather.weatherbug.com/ • Creekwatch -http://creekwatch.researchlabs.ibm.com/ • Nature’s Notebook -https://www.usanpn.org/natures_notebook • Nature’s Find -http://www.naturefind.com/ • iNaturalist -http://www.inaturalist.org/ • Google Earth -http://www.google.com/earth/index.html • Marine Debris Tracker -http://www.marinedebris.engr.uga.edu/
Cognitivism Theory-Lev Vygotsky(1896-1934) As proposed by Vygotsky, learning occurs twice in a child’s life-learning with others (interpsychologically) and learning individually (intrapsychologically). (Balakrishnan and Claiborne, 2012). • The Cognitivism theory focuses on the internal thinking of an individual and the way they remember, think and solve problems whilst learning. This allows them to store the data in their minds for an extended period of time (Ertmer and Newby, 2013). • Vygotsky, a social cognitivist, surmised that by speaking and interacting with others, people were able to restructure their beliefs and thoughts. He believed that the culture, language and information passed on by others played a significant part in an individual’s life. • His suggestion was that a child learnt better through a More Knowledgeable Other (MKO). Therefore, In order to allow children to solve problems, Vygotsky created the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in which they required the guidance of a MKO, until they were confident to overcome the difficulties independently.
Conclusion Overall, the aspect of using technology and learning outside the classroom offers many opportunities and benefits for children in terms of their development as it not only provides them with an active way of life, but also allows them to adapt to the environment and nature by emerging on their imaginations in real life scenarios and using their problem solving skills to overcome difficult tasks and situations. However, one would agree with the fact that technology may defeat the purpose of learning as it could lead to distraction throughout activities and lessons.
Reference List • Anon, (2013). council of learning outside the classroom. [online] Available at: http://www.lotc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Curriculum-update-March-2013.pdf [Accessed 4 Apr. 2017]. • Balakrishnan, V. and Claiborne, L. (2012). Vygotsky from zpd to zcd in moral education: reshaping western theory and practices in local context. Journal of moral education. 41 (2). • Boyce, J. C. (2014). Getting Students Outside: Using Technology as a Way to Stimulate Engagement. 23:815–826 • Conniff, R. (2011). Natural history upgrade. Conserv Mag. 12 (18–23). • Ertmer, P. and Newby, T. (2013). Behaviourism, cognitivism, constructivism: comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance improvement quarterly. 26 (2). • Miller, G. B. (2015). Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Lessons Learned from the design and development technology-enhanced outdoor Learning Experiences. 59 (4). • Wolf, C. (2017). [online] Available at: http:///islandwood.org/about/blogs/entry/learning-technology-outdoors [Accessed 4 Apr. 2017]. • Zimmerman, H.T. and Land, S.M. (2014). Facilitating place-based learning in outdoor informal environments with mobile computers. TechTrends58 (77–83).
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Images Reference List • https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=ict+outdoors&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifhKKOuIvTAhUML8AKHUPsAXUQ_AUIBigB&biw=1920&bih=974#imgrc=nvOILpjouko1fM: (Outdoor Learning) • https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=advantages+clipart&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiPn_bLuIvTAhUqB8AKHSUND_8Q_AUIBigB&biw=1920&bih=974#imgrc=4nxEjOHlgmTEcM: (Advantages) • https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=disadvantages+clipart&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj8se-AuYvTAhUpIMAKHXCrBg0Q_AUIBigB&biw=1920&bih=974#imgrc=Ra61TQkgI37bvM: (Disadvantages) • https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=outdoor+learning+clipart&espv=2&tbm=isch&imgil=nfaT4jWrVTlvhM%253A%253B8GHVScZWXry8wM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.clipartkid.com%25252Foutdoor-learning-cliparts%25252F&source=iu&pf=m&fir=nfaT4jWrVTlvhM%253A%252C8GHVScZWXry8wM%252C_&usg=__Fj_psG-Co6rEBbbm9sCI8U9xiSk%3D&biw=1920&bih=974&ved=0ahUKEwiP4M6Hu4vTAhXJB8AKHbpRDqMQyjcIOA&ei=-unjWI_7AsmPgAa6o7mYCg#imgrc=nfaT4jWrVTlvhM: (Tree) • https://uk.images.search.yahoo.com/search/images;_ylt=A9mSs2YTAuRYrqsAiVlLBQx.;_ylu=X3oDMTE0YXJxcW1pBGNvbG8DaXIyBHBvcwMxBHZ0aWQDQjM2NDVfMQRzZWMDcGl2cw--?p=sun&fr2=piv-web&fr=yset_chr_syc_oracle#id=4&iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fnierocks.areavoices.com%2Ffiles%2F2011%2F06%2Fsun03.jpg&action=click (Sun) • https://uk.images.search.yahoo.com/search/images;_ylt=A9mSs3JmMORY46wAVvBLBQx.;_ylu=X3oDMTE0YXJxcW1pBGNvbG8DaXIyBHBvcwMxBHZ0aWQDQjM2NDVfMQRzZWMDcGl2cw--?p=vygotsky&fr2=piv-web&fr=yset_chr_syc_oracle#id=6&iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefamouspeople.com%2Fprofiles%2Fimages%2Flev-vygotsky-1.jpg&action=click (Vygotsky)