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Health, Alcohol and Drug Habits

Explore the traditional eating habits and their effects on health, the importance of nutrition during pregnancy, the government's efforts in promoting healthy nutrition, the prevalence of obesity, and the age of alcohol and drug use. Learn about the Mediterranean diet, its benefits, and the initiatives taken to prevent drug habits.

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Health, Alcohol and Drug Habits

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  1. Health, Alcohol and Drug Habits

  2. INDEX • 1) What are the traditional eating habits of your country? What are the effects of these nutrition habits on your health?  • 2) What is the importance of nutrition during pregnancy?   • 3) How do your government and doctors inform mothers about healthy nutrition and its effect on their babies?  • 4) What is the ratio of obesity in your country? In which age group it is most common (–children, teenagers, adults, old people- ? ) • 5) At what  age do people start to use  alcohol and drugs? Why?  • 6) What kind of precautions has been taken in your school/country to prevent drug habits?  

  3. What is the traditional eating habit of your country?

  4. MEDITERRANEAN DIET

  5. HISTORY ASIA CONVERGENCE OF THREE CONTINENTS AFRICA EUROPE

  6. Thealimentary habits in the mediterranean area called the atention as consequence of the verification that in the mediterranean countries of coronary diseases were less important than in others countries of north of Europe.

  7. What does the Mediterranean diet consist of? • Use of olive oil as fat. • Consumption of fruit, vegetables and nuts. • Bread ,pasta and rice and their wholemeal products are also very important. • Fresh food,home-made and no precooked products are the most valuable in this diet. • Everyday consumption of dairy products such as yoghurt and cheese.

  8. What does the Mediterranean diet consist of? • Red meat should be used with moderation and whenever possible, it should be cooked in stews and similar types of recipes. • Lots of fish should be included in the diet and eggs with moderation. • Fresh fruit must be the habitual dessert and sometimes, sweets, cakes, and dairy products. • The water is the most important drink in the Mediterranean diet. Wine with moderation and always with meals. • Everyday exercice and practice of some sports.

  9. What are the effects of these nutrition habits on your health?

  10. HAVE OLIVE OIL RICH IN FATTY MONOUNSATURATED ACIDS HAVE BLUE FISH RICH IN ω-3 REDUCE THE CHOLESTEROL LEVEL IN BLOOD LOW INCIDENCE OF CORONARY DISEASES

  11. What is the importance of nutrition during the pregnancy ?

  12. Due to the changes experienced by the woman during the periods of gestation, it’s necessary to have a suitable ingestion of nutrients. It doesn’t mean that she should eat for two in an exaggerated way, although they must be fed to assure both the nutrition of the mother and the baby.

  13. SALT POSSIBLE RETENTIONS OF LIQUIDS SPECIALLY IN THE LAST TERM

  14. INDUSTRIAL CAKES AND PASTRY SATURATED FATS CALORIC CONTRIBUTION

  15. REDUCES ILLNESSES ELEMINATES THE SODIUM IN EXCESS DIURETIC WATER AVOIDS CONSTIPATION PREVENTS URINARY INFECTIONS

  16. ALCOHOLIC DRINKS FOETAL MALFORMATIONS

  17. ALLERGIC REACTIONS CAN EXCESS OF SEAFOOD

  18. FOLIC ACID brewer's yeast GREEN VEGETABLES SPINA BIFIDA EGG LIVER

  19. How do your government and doctors inform mothers about a healthy nutrition and its effects on their babies?

  20. AESAN The Spanish Agency of Nutritional Security is an organization which is joined to the Health and Consumption Ministry. Its obectives are: • Decrease the risk of illnesses which are transmitted by food. • Guarantee the effectiveness of the system of food control. • Promote the consumption of healthy food. • Plan, coordinate and develop strategies and behaviours which foster a healthy nutrition.

  21. AESAN The Health and Consumption Ministry has presented a programme to promote healthy eating habits and the practice of sports among Spanish students in six regions: Canarias, Andalucía, Murcia, Castilla y León, Galicia y Extremadura and cities from Ceuta and Melilla. The government has decided that they have to work at schools, where students learn from the beginning life and eating habits. Because of all that, it’s the most appropriate place to develop programmes of healthy food.

  22. AESAN Obese child = Obese man/woman Unhealthy nutrition -Diabetes -Heart problems -Some kinds of cancer **These long-life and chronic illnesses are the main cause of death and incapacitation in developed countries. Obesity can reduce the life of a man or a woman in ten years.

  23. PERSEO - Technological progress - Social conditions - Modern life Obesity Sedentary factors The Ministry of Health and Consumption, the one of Social policies and Sports together with the government of six regions have created the Programme PERSEO on a trial basis. This programme is against obesity, working on sport and healthy eating habits at schools.

  24. PERSEO This programme consists of an amount of some easy interventions among the different schools; schools which promote a healthy daily life among students, and also work with their families. This programme acts at the same time on the canteen, school refectories and on the school life in general, trying to help students to choose healthier ways of eating. Which Independent Communities take part in this programme? Nowadays, the PRESEO Programme includes interventions of sixty-seven different schools from Andalucía, Canarias, Castilla and León, Extremadura, Galicia,Murcia and other Spanish cities which are not in the Iberian peninsula, such as Ceuta and Melilla.

  25. Murcia Vs. Obesity Certainly, Murcia has one of the higher levels of children’s obesity and, because of that, it’s taking part in a programme, which is starting now, against obesity among children. This programme, joined to another one called “Plan to teach about Health Education at Schools” are a perfect mixture to solve this problem which is increasing in a worrying way. Professionals of the Youth Attention will do a clinic survey and they will be following a group of children from the start of the programme to the end of it. By: The Health Ministry.

  26. This programme is going to be focused on Primary Education, particularly on children between six and ten years and their families. There will be courses, teaching resources, informative speeches… and all that made by a group of experts on Pedagogy and Nutritional teaching: • Improve the way of mixing types of food in our daily life: we have to eat a bit of everything. • Not to have a light breakfast. • Decrease the quantity of fat and sugar. • Increase the consumption of fruit, vegetables and water. • - Promote any sporty activity. - Reduce the time in front of the TV, the computer, and so on. Goals

  27. FROM Nowadays in Spain those advertisements which are done by FROM (Organization for the Regulation of the Fishing and Sea Market) have become really popular. They show us about how important sea products are and that fish have to be big enough to be eaten and also how important fish and shellfish are in a balanced diet. Apart from those advertisements and commercials, they also organize lectures in which an expert shows us the main aspects of a balanced diet in an easy way.

  28. Another important question: do parents really know what a “healthy diet” is? There are courses and workshops which clarify parents´doubts about their diet and help plan a healthy weekly menu. Those courses are done by The Campaign Against Children’s Obesity. Courses such as “Be healthy eating healthily” or “Advertising and Food” teach some basic ideas about how to eat and about problems with obesity and, what is more important, they try to re-educate parents about incorrect concepts and beliefs.

  29. Which is the proportion of Obesity in your country? Which is the group that commonly has this problem?

  30. Obesity affects 16% of adults and 13% of children in Spain. Nearly 16% of adult population in Spain has obesity and 13% of children too. This information has been provided by the Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity(SEEDO) and the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN). Spain is already the tenth most obese country in the world. Following the data from OCDE, 13% of population over 15 years overpasses the number of 30 corporal mass. We discover, then, that we are behind USA (more than 30%), Mexico, United Kingdom, Australia(20-25%), Hungary, New Zealand, Canada(15-20%), Ireland and Germany (more than 13%).

  31. Doctors say that the probability of suffering a coronary ilness increases a hundred percent in obese people. What is more, it has been found out that obesity causes in our country about 30.000 premature deaths every year, so, because of that figure, the prevention has become the best way to face this problem.

  32. Recent studies show that 50% of Spanish adults have overweight and about 16% are obese. The direct and indirect consequences of these diseases reach the 7% of the total health expenditure, this means about 3.000 millions of euros per year.

  33. Childhood Obesity Obesity in Spain is becoming a very important health problem, specially among children, because in the last 20 years obesity in children between 6 and 12 years has increased from 5% to 16%.

  34. Childhood Obesity in la Región de Murcia The average number of obese children exceeds 4 points in la Región de Murcia. Whereas the national average is 14 obese adults per every 100 children, in Murcia it is 18 .Furthermore, nowadays the increase in the childhood obesity increases twice more than it used to increase in the 80’s. The number of obese people will increase by 2015, when the number in adults will be 2.300 million, according to OMG.

  35. ¿At whatage do peoplestartdrinking and havingdrugs?

  36. AGES AT WHICH TEENAGERS START TAKING DRUGS The data of that presentation are taken both from a survey about drugs, carried out in Spain (between november 2005 – April 2006) and a state survey on drug use in students of secondary school (scholastic survey 2006-2007).

  37. GENERAL CONCEPTS TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL ARE THE MOST CONSUMED PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS . DRUGS OF ILLEGAL COMMERCE ARE THOSE TAKEN FROM CANNABIS, COCAINE AND ECSTASY. WITHOUT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT TRANQUILIzZzZERS OR SEDATIVES, THERE ARE MORE MEN ADDICTIVE TO DRUGS THAN WOMEN.

  38. AGES STARTING AGES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF: • TOBACCO (16.4 YEARS) • SPIRITS (16.7 YEARS) • CANNABIS (18.3 YEARS) • COCAINE (20,6 YEARS) • ECSTASY (20.1) • HALLUCINOGENS (19.0) • AMPHETAMINES (19.2)

  39. ESTUDES PERCENTAGE OF CONSUMERS FROM 14 TO 18 YEARS OLD

  40. ESTUDES DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AMONG 14-18 YEAR-OLDS.

  41. ESTUDES DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSUMPTION OF TOBACCO AMONG 14-18 YEAR-OLDS.

  42. ESTUDES DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSUMPTION OF CANNABIS AMONG 14-18 YEAR-OLDS.

  43. CONCLUSIONS THERE HAS BEEN A DECREASE IN THE AVAILABILITY OF ALL THE DRUGS, REDUCTION THAT APPEARS FOR THE FIRST TIME AFTER A CONTINUING INCREASE SINCE 1994.

  44. Why people start having drugs and drinking?

  45. The most shared belief among the different groups of people it has to do with the association between the alcohol consumption and " the positive consequences" that it provides.

  46. The alcohol provides people with a series of effects or positive consequences • these are thought to be beneficial. • being the main reason for consumption

  47. This positive consideration towards the alcohol it causes that we do not see it like a drug its consumption is not considered to be like a gateway towards addiction to other drugs.

  48. On the other hand, there are some studies which prove that it is not very frequent to consume cocaine heroine without having tryed before cannabis, alcohol or tabacco.

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