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Introduction to the cold war

Objectives: Identify the structure and demands of the course Explore the key characteristics of the Cold War Explain these characteristics. Introduction to the cold war. Your Guide to A2 History:. This is your guide It is £3 for the copying Please put in your folder

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Introduction to the cold war

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  1. Objectives: Identify the structure and demands of the course Explore the key characteristics of the Cold War Explain these characteristics Introduction to the cold war

  2. Your Guide to A2 History: • This is your guide • It is £3 for the copying • Please put in your folder • Your target sheet goes in your exercise book where assessed work will be completed • It is a reference point for you and includes useful revision activities

  3. Be disciplined • Keep well-organised notes • Be prepared to do much of the reading for lessons outside the class • As you move ever close to undergraduate work, be prepared to go that extra mile and use resources in the department, school or local public libraries • Look out for relevant news items or documentaries that discuss the Cold War and its aftermath Use the new departmental website www.snshistory.wordpress.comto download class resources and sample students’ work • Visit museums (Imperial War Museum, which has an excellent Cold War section, the Science Museum – good on the Space Race) • Meet homework deadlines – students who regularly fail to do so will be put on subject report

  4. Keep your folders organised! It will help you to keep the following documents in the front of your folders: a glossary of keywords that you come across during the course. and also…. a ‘who’s who’ of key figures a map of key events of the Cold War a timeline of key events

  5. What will I be studying? • Origins of Cold War tensions • Emergence of Cold War, e.g. • The Berlin Blockade • The ‘Thaw’ & ‘Peaceful Co-existence’ • The nuclear arms race & Cuba • The space race • Role of China • Détente • End of Cold War • Historiography of Cold War

  6. How will I be examined? • A2 = 50% of total marks • Unit 3: ‘A World Divided: Superpower Relations, 1944-90’ • Unit 4: Coursework • Written exam: 2 hours 2nd June 2014 • Answer ONE question from Section A (30 marks), and ONE from Section B (40 marks) - choice of 2 questions in both sections • Section A – discuss an historical issue • Section B – use source material & knowledge to discuss an historical event

  7. Grade boundaries

  8.  Your task Warm up: Your teacher will give you some key facts associated with the Cold War. In partners match up the correct person with the interesting fact....

  9. People/ answers Franklin D Roosevelt Winston Churchill Berlin U-2 The Iron Lady The first living creature in space Fidel Castro Sputnik – the first artificial satellite Duck and cover Term used to describe improved relations between the USA and China in the 1970s through the medium of sport One of the main cross-over points in the wall separating East and West Berlin Korean War (1950-3) Threatening to use all military means to resolve a diplomatic crisis Joseph Stalin North Atlantic Treaty Organisation Harry S Truman Russia, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Albania, Romania Politburo Ronald Reagan

  10. How did the Cold War develop? Watch this 4 minute clip to gain a very brief summary of the first 20 years of the Cold War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHwIkOv6Rc4 Think about: • Why? • Features of the Cold War – e.g key turning points • Individuals

  11.  Your task What were the characteristics of the Cold War? Read about the famous Kitchen debate of 1959. Highlight in red any evidence of tensions or differences.

  12. What were the key characteristics of the Cold War? Conflict of ideologies Communismv. capitalism • Capitalism: production of goods and distribution is dependent on private capital with a view to making profit; capitalist economies run by individuals rather than by state • Communism: hostile to capitalism, which exploits workers; ideally all property, businesses & industry should be state-owned, ‘each gives according to their ability to those according to their need’

  13.  Your task: Finding out about the key characteristics of the Cold War • Create a spider diagram identifying the key characteristics of Cold War. Break into groups of 2 and share the research. Use Edwards, p.3-7 and any other sources of information you might have. Look for these areas: • Ideologies • Economics • Military tensions • Treaties • Propaganda • Espionage • Arms race • Space race • Sport & culture

  14. Conflict of economic power • Marshall Plan (1947) – provision of fuel, raw materials, goods, loans, food, machinery advisers • US exploited it financial power to export Western values – dollar imperialism • 1948-52, US Congress voted nearly $13bn economic aid to Europe • Trade war with Communist countries, e.g. Cuba

  15. Military power • Korean War (1950-3), Vietnam (early 1960s -1973) • US military build-up, e.g. 1960 2.4 US military personnel around world; 1959, 1,500 military bases in 31 countries • Domino theory

  16. Treaties • NATO (1949) – North Atlantic Treaty Organisation • SEATO (1954)– South East Asia Treaty Organisation • Warsaw Pact (1955)– military defensive pact amongst eastern European nations • COMECON (1949)– Council for Mutual Economic Assistance

  17. Propaganda • European Recovery Program – propaganda as much as economic exercise • Benefits of Marshall Plan advertised • Italy became a focus of economic rebuilding after WWII - ‘Operation Bambi’ used minstrels, puppet shows and film Click here for an example of US Cold War propaganda

  18. Espionage • CIA (1947) – founded to co-ordinate information gathering on USSR and Allies. Activities included: • Support for anti-Communist political leaders, e.g. Christian Democrats, 1948 elections • ‘Regime change’, e.g. overthrow of left-wing govt in Iran & Guatemala, Operation Executive Action (1961), collaborated with Mafia to overthrow Fidel Castro

  19. Arms Race • 1945 US tested and detonated 1st atomic bomb • 1952 tested 1st H-bomb (2,500x more powerful) • 1953, USSR produced H-bomb • 1961 enough nuclear weapons to destroy world • 1967 China produced H-bomb • 1981, USA 8000 ICBMs, USSR 7,000 • MAD – Mutually Assured Destruction

  20. Space race • 1957, launch of Sputnik • 1957, 1st animal in space • 1961, Yuri Gagarin 1st man in space • 21 July 1969 Apollo 11 mission successfully land 1st man on moon Laika, 1st dog in space

  21. Sport • 1980, ‘Miracle on Ice’ – US hockey teams defeats USSR ‘giants’ • 1980 Moscow Olympics, 1984 LA Olympics – boycotted by US & USSR • Ballet – defections to West, e.g. Nureyev • World Chess Championships– Bobby Fisher v. Boris Spassky (1972)

  22.  Plenary • Name one characteristic of Cold War from the following categories: • Ideologies • Economics • Military tensions • Treaties • Propaganda • Espionage • Arms race • Space race • Sport & culture

  23.  Homework: For tomorrow. • Complete your mind map. • Imagine you were asked to explain what Cold War was to a GCSE student. Write a 100 word summary of the characteristics of Cold War at the bottom or on the reverse of your mind map. • Find a Cold War cartoon which relates to an aspect of one of the characteristics

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