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TRADE OFF BETWEEN MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES & CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING POLICY OPTIONS

This paper explores the trade off between multiple objectives and criteria in policy decision making, examining the conflicts and potential resolutions. It emphasizes the need for evaluating policy options that optimize social welfare, taking into account growth, equity, environmental sustainability, and political feasibility.

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TRADE OFF BETWEEN MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES & CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING POLICY OPTIONS

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  1. TRADE OFF BETWEEN MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES & CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING POLICY OPTIONS R.Mano University of Zimbabwe Harare

  2. PUBLIC POLICY DECISIONS & DECISION MAKERS • Policies are public goods, • collective action • regulations • Policies are designed at multiple levels • National,Regional,Global • Policies are demanded by society or section thereof: • public, interest groups, policy makers • Policies are supplied by governments: • policy makers - governments • Policy choices are driven by objectives:

  3. Major Objectives • Growth (G): max efficiency ie income growth • Equity & Food Security (E): ensure equitable income distribution, food security • Environmental Sustainability(ES): minimize damage to the environment • Political feasibility (PF) : max election victory • Welfare goal: • Max Welfare, W =F[ G, E] st Political constraints • Max W=U(G, E, ES) st political constraints? • Max W = V(G, E) st environment & political constraints?

  4. Conflict Between Objectives and Interests • Growth vs equity goal • social welfare vs environmental goal • social welfare vs political goal • environmental vs political goal • current interests vs future interests • present vs future generations Conflict between objectives and between interests is inevitable and necessitate acceptance of trade-off that optimize social welfare

  5. Option A: doubly good - dominant strategy Option B: bad for incomes but good environment Option C: doubly bad, inferior policy option Option D: Good for growth and bad for the environment Trade-off: Policy choice problem inevitably involves evaluation of options involving getting more of one goal through the sacrifice of another goal Optimal trade off: chooses optimal mix of growth and environmental targets to sustain a given welfare level Income Growth vs Environment Trade off is Inevitable +ve Growth D:+- A: ++ -ve Enviro +ve Enviro B:-+ C: -- - ve Growth

  6. Identify source of the conflict core values interests structures & relationships data Apply effective conflict resolution strategies avoid/ignore: lets forget the whole thing compete: I am right and am going to do it my way accommodate: It does not bother me -go ahead your way compromise: Neither of us going to win, lets meet half way Collaborate: lets find a third way Conflict Resolution Strategies for Negotiating trade off

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