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Millennium Development Goals (MDG) - (Water Related) South African Perspective & Achievements

Millennium Development Goals (MDG) - (Water Related) South African Perspective & Achievements. Fred van Zyl 11 October 2006. Core MDG Water Related Goals Target date: 2015. Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty & hunger Target 2: Halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger

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Millennium Development Goals (MDG) - (Water Related) South African Perspective & Achievements

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  1. Millennium Development Goals (MDG) - (Water Related)South African Perspective & Achievements Fred van Zyl 11 October 2006

  2. Core MDG Water Related GoalsTarget date: 2015 • Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty & hunger • Target 2: Halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger • Implied water involvement – however no water indicator • Goal 4: Reduce child mortality • Target 5: Reduce under 5 mortality by 2/3 • Implied water involvement (water & health) – however no water indicator • Goal 6: Combat HIV/Aids, Malaria & other diseases • Target 7 & 8: Halted and begun to reverse incidents and spread of HIV/Aids, Malaria & other major diseases • Implied water involvement – however no water indicator • *** Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability *** • Target 9: Integrate principles of sustainable development • Maintain biological diversity (Indicator 26) • Target 10: Halve proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water (Urban & Rural) - (Indicator 30) • Target 10: Halve proportion of people without access to basic & acceptable sanitation services (Urban & Rural) - (Indicator 31) Only Target 10 directly implied.

  3. South African Response • Water supply goal: • Eradicate backlog by 2008 (vs. MDG: halve backlog by 2015) • Developed specific criteria: • 25 liters per capita per day (6kl per household per month) • Within 200 meters • Potable water • Secure resource • Secure flow (min 10 liters per minute) • Basic sanitation goal: • Eradicate backlog by 2010 (vs. MDG: halve backlog by 2015) • Developed specific criteria: • Clean, safe, healthy, environmentally acceptable and appropriate • Initially dry sanitation – now wet/dry mix with associated implications • No consistent international criteria • E.g. Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya – distance within 2 to 5 km & no specific quality criteria • MDG concern regarding sustainable service delivery.

  4. 1994 2001 2006 Access to 59% 71% 83% Backlog 41% 29% 17% 59% Improvement Backlog already halved in 2005 Basic Water Supply ProgressMDG Achieved in 2005 (RDP Standards) *NB: Figures based on Infrastructure delivery

  5. 1994 2001 2006 Access to (RSA) (Sub-Sah Afri) 48% 32%(1990) 57% 69% 37%(2004) Backlog 52% 43% 31% 40% Improvement MDG: 50% by 2015 Basic Sanitation Progress(RDP Standards)

  6. Year Number of infections reported Number of fatalities 2000 62898 to 64622 428 to 459 2001 26209 to 26506 87 to 119 2002 15614 to 15582 96 2003 13057 to 13446 116 to 141 2004 13232 to 13399 85 to 89 2005 Jan to Jul (5351) (41) Improvement Positive impact Positive impact RSA Malaria Perspective *Variance due to different sources

  7. Key Challenges - 1 • Reality check regarding achievement of South African goals • Insufficient funding (Requires 400% increase per annum) • Implementation capacity concern (Requires 500% improvement) • Implementation process challenges e.g. Procurement, decision making, insufficient planning • Sustainability • Project comebacks and failures • Present implementation trend • Required target for water supply – 3.6 million people per annum  present trend 1 million • Required target for sanitation – 0.9 million households per annum  present target 0.2 million hh/a  present delivery 0.1 m hh/a • Waterborne sanitation has serious implications: high cost  moving from R3000/hh to R18000/hh with associated increased water requirements & environmental impacts • Moving target – migration, urbanisation, population growth.

  8. Key Challenges - 2 • Positive issues: • Dedicated and committed program and funding • Drive and focus • Maintain goals (positive driver) • Develop creative and flexible solutions e.g. Interim rudimentary goals, ring fencing of goals • Critical issue: Focus on sustainability • Achievement of MDG: • Water supply on track • Sanitation requires dedicated & disciplined management including clear definition of expectations.

  9. Future Perspective 2006 2007 2008 Water backlog (1.1 mp/a) 8.2 million people over 3 years = 2.7 mp/a 270% 7.1 million over 2 years = 3.6 mp/a 360% 6.1 million over 1 year = 6.1 mp/a 550% Sanitation backlog 3.8 million hh over 5 years = 0.8 mhh/a 400% 3.6 million hh over 4 years = 0.9 mhh/a 450% 3.4 million hh over 3 years = 1.1 mhh/a 500%

  10. ? 2013/14 R12 bil + R15 bil + 8.3 mil 10 mil Required trend (3.6 to 6m p/a) Potential delivery (1.1m p/a) ? Present delivery <1m p/a 2005 2008 2015 Basic Water Supply Delivery TrendR1.8 billion /a

  11. R12.5 bil (R25 b) 2016 3.8 mil hh Required trend (0.9 m hh/a) 2030 Potential delivery Dry (0.35 m hh/a) Wet (0.2 m hh/a) ?Present delivery (0.1 m hh/a) 2005 2008 2015 Basic Sanitation Reality PerspectiveR1.2 billion/a

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