Upper Extremities Overview

1. Upper Extremities Overview

2. Upper Extremities • Bones • Ligaments • Muscles • Tendons • Nerves

3. Muscles and Tendons

4. Model of the Arm

5. Nerves

6. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) Repetitive Motion Injury Cumulative Trauma Disorders Different Name, Same Problem

7. Tendon Disorders Tendonitis Tenosynovitis Lateral Epicondylitis Medial Epicondylitis Ganglion Cysts Upper Extremity WMSDs • Nerve Disorders • Nerve entrapments • Carpel Tunnel Syndrome • Neurovascular Disorder • Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome • Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

8. Tenosynovitis Swelling of the synovial sheath Pain and swelling Tendonitis Tendon becomes inflamed Pain, swelling, weakness, tenderness Tendon Disorders

9. Tendons/Tendon Sheaths

10. Ganglion Cyst Synovial sheath swells and holds fluid Often seen in the wrist as a bump Epicondylitis (lateral and medial) Unsheathed tendons become irritated Pain that extends from elbow through forearm Tendon Disorders

11. Tendon Disorders

12. Carpel tunnel syndrome Swelling of the tendons in the wrist area that place pressure on the median nerve Symptoms include pain, numbness, and tingling of the hand (thumb and first 3 digits) Nerve Entrapments

13. MEDIAN NERVE ULNAR ARTERY TRANSVERSE CARPAL LIGAMENT FLUXOR CARPI ULNARIS PALM ULNAR NERVE FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS S2-5 = SUBLIMIS FLEXOR TENDONS FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS P2-5 = PROFUNDUS FLEXOR TENDONS RADIAL ARTERY PALMAR BASE LIGAMENTS CARPAL BONES EXTENSOR TENDONS Carpal Tunnel

14. Carpal Tunnel Hotdogs and Cream Puff Tire and Hose

15. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Compression of the nerves and blood vessels of the neck and shoulder Symptoms like CTS extending up the arm Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome Disorder of the small vessels and nerves of the fingers and hand Results from vibrating hand tools Localized blanching at the fingertips with numbness on exposure to cold or vibration Neurovascular Disorders

16. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

17. What does the worker need to know from this presentation?