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Chapter 8 Section 2 Igneous and sedimentary rocks

Chapter 8 Section 1 Minerals– Earth’s Jewels. Chapter 8 Section 2 Igneous and sedimentary rocks. Mr. Perez. Chapter 8 Section 3 Metamorphic rocks and rock cycle. Section 1 Vocabulary. Mineral- inorganic, solid materials found in nature Rock- solid material made up of two or more minerals

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Chapter 8 Section 2 Igneous and sedimentary rocks

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  1. Chapter 8 Section 1Minerals– Earth’s Jewels Chapter 8 Section 2Igneous and sedimentary rocks Mr. Perez Chapter 8 Section 3Metamorphic rocks and rock cycle

  2. Section 1 Vocabulary • Mineral- inorganic, solid materials found in nature • Rock- solid material made up of two or more minerals • Crystal- solid materials with a repeating pattern • Gem- minerals that are rare and can be cut and polished , giving them a beautiful appearance • Ore- mineral that contains enough useful substance that it can be sold for profit

  3. What is a mineral? Minerals are inorganic, Solid materials formed in nature. Inorganic means that are not made by plants or animals

  4. WHAT IS A MINERAL?

  5. Properties of minerals • Crystals • Cleavage & Fracture • Color • Streak & Luster • Hardness • Specific gravity

  6. Properties of minerals

  7. Properties of minerals • COLOR: the way the minerals look can be caused by impurities • STREAK: the color that appears when the minerals is slid on a white, unglazed tiled called a streak plate • LUSTER: how light is reflected off the mineral • HARDNESS: Using the MOHS SCALE, classify how hard the mineral is • SPECIFIC GRAVITY: compares the weight of the mineral with an equal volume of water • OTHER PROPERTIES: • Magnetism • Taste • Reactivity

  8. Common minerals • Most of the rock-forming minerals are silicates, which contain silicon and oxygen. • Feldspar • Quartz • Other important rock-forming minerals are carbonates, which contain carbon and oxygen. • Calcite

  9. GEMS • Gems are minerals that can be cut and polished , giving them a beautiful appearance– beautiful luster and color • VERY RARE, because they form under special conditions • Require extremely high pressures • Examples of gems: diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds

  10. ores • Ores are minerals that contain enough of a useful substance that it can be sold for profit • Examples of ores: copper ore, aluminum ore, gold ore • Ores are processed: • Mined • Smelted: melted and useful product separated from the rest • Refined (purified) • Processed

  11. Section 2 Vocabulary • Lava- molten rock material that exists at or above Earth’s surface • Igneous rock- rock formed when melted rock material from inside Earth cools • Extrusive- melted rock material cools on Earth’s surface • Intrusive- melted rock materials cools below Earth’s surface • Sedimentary rock- sediment collected in layers and compacted together

  12. Igneous Rock Details

  13. Organize igneous rocks

  14. Classify Sedimentary rocks

  15. Section 3 Vocabulary • Pressure- force applied over a given area • Metamorphic rock- new rocks that form when existing rocks are heated or squeezed but not melted • Foliated- rocks that have visible layers or elongated grains of mineral • Nonfoliated- rocks that do not have distinct layers or bands of minerals • Rock cycle- cycle that describes how different kinds of rock are related to one another and how rocks change from one type to another

  16. Summarize metamorphic Rocks

  17. Draw metamorphic rocks

  18. DRAW Metamorphic rocks • Foliated rocks include: slate gneiss phyllite schist

  19. Draw Metamorphic Rocks • Nonfoliated rocks include: quartzite soapstone marble

  20. Rock cycle interactive • http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/diagram.html

  21. REMEMBER! • Chapter 8 Vocabulary Quiz A: 12/4 or B: 12/5 • Mighty Mineral Mini Project Presentations due A: 12/6 or B: 12/9 • Rock Cycle quiz on A: 12/10 or B:12/11 • Bring in old crayons, aluminum foil, wax paper and pencil sharpeners A: 12/10 or B: 12/11

  22. Resources • Florida Science Grade 7 Glencoe Science & McGraw Hill Publishing • Google images

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