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Advanced Fossil Fuel Use

Advanced Fossil Fuel Use. Dr (Prof) A D Surridge Head: South African Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage Senior Manager: South African National Energy Research Institute www.sacccs.org.za. South African Energy Chain Main End Use – Electricity and Liquid Fuels. TRANSFORM. TRANSPORT.

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Advanced Fossil Fuel Use

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  1. Advanced Fossil Fuel Use Dr (Prof) A D Surridge Head: South African Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage Senior Manager: South African National Energy Research Institute www.sacccs.org.za

  2. South African Energy Chain Main End Use – Electricity and Liquid Fuels TRANSFORM TRANSPORT END USE SUPPLY Rail Road Pipeline Liquid Fuels Oil Oil Refineries PetroSA Natural Gas Sasol Pipeline Gas Sasol Export Road/Rail “Washery” Coal Coal Eskom and Others Electricity Transmission Wires Hydro Koeberg Nuclear Biomass Wood Person/Road 2

  3. Fossil Fuel Road Maps • Coal Road Map • Joint Project – DoE and SA Industry • Phase I Ready for Release • Phase Final – Scheduled Mid-2012 • Liquid Fuels R&D Road Map • SANEDI Internal Framework Study Underway • Scheduled mid-2012 • Gas Road R&D Map • SANEDI Internal Framework Study Underway • Scheduled mid-2012 Road Maps include an R&D gaps analysis to indicate where development is needed Coal is generally known - Oil/Gas unclear

  4. South Africa Carbon Dioxide Emissions Projection

  5. Energy & Environment CCS is a Flagship Programme of the National Climate Change Response White Paper

  6. Principle • Extract Carbon Dioxide from Fossil Fuel Use • Electricity Generation Stations [~12% CO2] • Synthetic Fuel Plants [~95% CO2] • etc • Inject Carbon Dioxide back into Geological Formations [from whence the fossil fuel came] • Depleted Oil and Gas Fields • Deep Saline Aquifers

  7. Four Stages SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG

  8. Stored Deep >800m Surface Cap-Rock Porous Storage-Rock SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG

  9. INCREASING PERMANENCY Permanency • Permanency Stages of Trapped CO2: • Structural Trapping • Overlaying cap rock • Residual Trapping • Tiny pores in rock – capillary pressure of water • Solubility Trapping • Dissolve in saline water • Mineral Trapping • React chemically with surrounding rocks – become part of rock

  10. Geological Storage StatoilHydro

  11. Permanency - Sleipner StatoilHydro

  12. World Projects SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG

  13. Technology Development It is not a question as to whether the technology works We know it works Been operating at many sites for decades It is a scale-up issue Integrity of Storage Site

  14. coal South African Centre for Carbon Capture & Storage Established 30Mar09 Core Parties Participants

  15. Charter Signing 27Mar09 Minister Sonjica Presiding

  16. Time/Scale for Carbon Capture and Storage in South Africa

  17. Potential for Carbon Dioxide Storage in South Africa • Atlas indicated a Storage Potential: • 150 Giga tonnes • At an “effective level” • 98% off-shore • Need: • 4 Giga tonnes • To store 40 million tonnes • For 100 years

  18. Projects Currently Underway • Scoping Study for Test Injection • Regulatory Requirements for Test Injection [Europe Aid/SACCCS Funded] • Zululand Basin Storage Potential [UK Funded] • Algoa Basin Storage Potential [Europe Aid/SACCCS Funded] • Geological Modelling of Storage Sites [Europe Aid/SACCCS funded] • Financial Opportunities for CCS in South Africa [Europe Aid/SACCCS funded] • Public Outreach Determination [World Bank Funded] • Definition of “Capture Readiness” Determination • Capacity Building: • Five post-graduate bursaries • Post-primary Schools Science Expo • Joint Industry Project – Techno-Economic Study [SACCCS/World Bank] • Collateral Benefits – Job Creation/preservation, industry development [CSLF] • CCS Week [SACCCSA/CSLF] • The Department of Energy: Developing a Carbon Capture and Storage • Regulatory Framework [World bank Funding]

  19. Critical Paths for Test Injection 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Scoping Study Business Plan I & II Regulatory Requirements Zululand Basin Potential I & II III Algoa basin Potential I & II III Storage Modelling Site selection Permitting Test Injection I & II Financed Not Financed [exploration/drilling/Test Injection]

  20. Paradigm Change

  21. SUMMARY Over-Arching Outputs

  22. Thank You Full details available at www.sacccs.org.za

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