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Barbarian Invasions and the Fall of the Western Empire

Barbarian Invasions and the Fall of the Western Empire. What caused the Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire. Timeline: Early Christianity. 1 st century BCE: Hebrews divided into different sects 4 BCE: Birth of Jesus of Nazareth 26 CE: Baptism of Jesus 30 CE: death of Jesus

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Barbarian Invasions and the Fall of the Western Empire

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  1. Barbarian Invasions and the Fall of the Western Empire What caused the Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire

  2. Timeline: Early Christianity 1st century BCE: Hebrews divided into different sects 4 BCE: Birth of Jesus of Nazareth 26 CE: Baptism of Jesus 30 CE: death of Jesus 40s and 50s: Missionary activity of Saul of Tarsus 70-100 CE: Gospels of Mark, Matthew, Luke, John 180s: Irenaeus tries to suppress Gnostic Christians 200s: persecution of Christian widespread 311: Battle of Milvian Bridge 325 Council of Nicaea 390s: Vulgate Bible

  3. But first, let’s have a pop midterm • Don’t worry. It is just a couple of clicker questions worth no more than any others

  4. How did each of the following civilizations fall from the height of its influence? • Sumerian city-states • The Old Kingdom in Egypt • The Middle Kingdom in Egypt • The New Kingdom in Egypt • Minoan Crete • The Ancient Hebrews • Athens

  5. Barbarian Migrations 350-500

  6. Why did Rome fall?What have you heard? • Lead in the water • Christianity • Depletion of the soil in Italy • Lack of infrastructure • Something else

  7. Which barbarian tribe proved to be Rome’s most formidable enemy in the 400s? • The Huns • The Goths • The Franks • The Saxons • The Vandals

  8. Fundamental Features of early Christianity • Book religion • Asceticism • Evangelism • Miracles • Rituals • Martyrdom • Hierarchy

  9. Preaching in the TempleLuke 2:40-52Paolo Veronese,

  10. Baptism of ChristAndrea Verrocchioc. 1470Matt 3:13Mark 1:9

  11. Raising of Lazarusby Sebastiano del Piomboc. 1530

  12. Sermon on the Mount Cosimo Roselli, c. 1480, Matthew 5:1

  13. Leonardo’s Last Supper

  14. Duccio di BuoninsegnaSiena, c. 1310

  15. Peter Brueghel, 1617

  16. Pieta, Giovanni Bellini c. 1470

  17. RaphaelTransfiguration of Jesusearly 1500s

  18. St. PaulMissionary to the Gentiles c. 50 CEas rendered by Massacio c. 1425 CE

  19. Paul’s Missionsc. 48-67 CE

  20. The FourEvangelists

  21. Painting by Rembrandt: c. 1740 According to Augustinian hypothesis, the first gospel but most modern biblical scholars recognize it as the second Some believe it was originally written in Aramaic Gospel of Matthew

  22. IrenaeusBishop of Lyons c. 180

  23. Constantine The Great272 – 337 CE

  24. St. Jerome c. 347-420

  25. Key question to consider over the coming weeks. • How did a sophisticated religion from the Mediterranean spread to northern Europe?

  26. Beowulf

  27. Discuss Beowulf • Why would a Christian Englishman (monk?) want to write about a pagan, Scandinavian warrior? • Who would the likely audience have been? • How does the Beowulf manuscript from 1000 CE illuminate the culture of Germanic people around 500 CE?

  28. Usurpers undermined the stability of the empire in the 300s. But the economy remained robust in several areas.Constantine the Great c. 306

  29. Roman Villas

  30. High Quality Coins 380

  31. More quality coins 408

  32. What seems odd about this depiction of the sack of Rome by the Visigoths in 410?

  33. St. Augustine of Hippo(354-430)sought to explain why the Christian God would allow Rome to be sacked.

  34. Niccolo Machiavelli c. 1500

  35. Edward GibbonDecline & Fall of the Roman Empire1776-1789

  36. Barbarian Migrations 350-500

  37. Hunnish Empire c. 400

  38. Hunnish Cavalry

  39. Aetius – Master of the Roman Army c. 450

  40. Barbarian Migrations 350-500

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