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Gas Quality Measurement Peter Schley

Gas Quality Measurement Peter Schley. marcogaz, Paris 13 September 2007. Gas Quality Measurement. x i H s,n. Energy billing (superior calorific value, normal density, gas composition). E = V n · H s,n. V n = V b · U Z. p. T. V. V b. Quality control (dewpoint, sulfur, etc.).

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Gas Quality Measurement Peter Schley

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  1. Gas Quality MeasurementPeter Schley marcogaz, Paris 13 September 2007

  2. Gas Quality Measurement xi Hs,n • Energy billing (superior calorific value, normal density, gas composition) E = Vn · Hs,n Vn = Vb · UZ p T V Vb • Quality control (dewpoint, sulfur, etc.)

  3. Gas Property Data from Measurement Stations • Gas composition • CH4 ... C6+, N2, CO2 • Superior calorific value • Normal density • Sulfur and sulfur compounds • H2S, COS, mercaptans Total sulfur • Water dewpoint / Hydrocarbon Dewpoint Sulfur GC Process gas chromatograph The gas properties of the main natural gas flows are measured continuously, stored on an hourly basis and retrieved monthly. Water dewpoint

  4. Laboratory Analysis(Gas Quality Competence Centre) • Analyses up to C14 (in special cases up to C40) • Sulfur compounds • Water dewpoint • Hydrocarbon dewpoint • Other trace components Laboratory analyses are made several times a year at entry points and at storage facilities during withdrawal.

  5. Limit Values to G 260 (Germany) - EASEE GAS EASEE Gas Properties DVGW Code G 260 Wobbe index in kWh/m3 Relative density d Hydrocarbon dewpoint Water dewpoint CO2 Oxygen (O2) Total sulfur (S) Mercaptans (R-SH) Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) Carbon oxysulfide (COS) 12.8 to 15.7 (group H gas) 0.55 to 0.75 Max. ground temperature Max. ground temperature Dry: 3%; wet: 0.5% 30 mg/m³ 6 mg/m³; 16 mg/m³ (temp) 5 mg/m³; 10 mg/m³ (temp) Not specified 13.6 to 15.81 0.555 to 0.700 - 2 °C (1-70 bar) - 8 °C (70 bar) 2.5 mol% 0.01 mol% 30 mg/m³ 6 mg/m³ Total 5 mg/m³

  6. Future Requirements for Gas Quality Determination (1) • Injection of biogas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), hydrogen • (additional gas constituents) • Growing gas trade leads to stronger variations in gas quality • (  gas quality transition zones)

  7. Future Requirements for Gas Quality Determination (2) • Prompt and location-specific determination of gas quality increasingly important • More flexibility required Computer-assisted simulation tools to trace gas quality (gas quality reconstruction system) Existing measurement technology to be developed further and optimised in terms of costs

  8. Gas Quality Reconstruction System Being Developed atE.ON Ruhrgas • E.ON Ruhrgas filed an application with PTB (verification authorities) in June 2006 for approval of the system for part of the pipeline network.

  9. Principle of Gas Quality Tracing System • Subsequent calculation of • superior calorific value Hs • normal density n • gas composition xi (11 constituents) • for delivery stations • Input data for calculation • Hs, n, xi at entry points • Volume flow at entry points • Volume flow at exit points • Grid topology • Auxiliary data (pressure, ...)

  10. Improvement of Measurement Technology • PGC technology  Design to be modified to include additional constituents (inter alia, O2, H2 for biogas)  Outlook: multi-function PGCs for billing and quality control (inter alia, sulfur, hydrocarbon dewpoint) • Correlative measurement systems / sensor measurement systems  Development of simple measurement systems for biogas (e.g. based on infrared technology example: INCA, Union)  Further optimisation of costs

  11. Conclusion / Outlook • Growing natural gas trade and injection of, for example, LNG or biogases lead to stronger gas quality variations in terms of time. • Prompt determination of the relevant gas property data has therefore become increasingly important. • Computer-assisted simulation (gas quality tracing systems) and improved measurement technology will help to meet future requirements.

  12. Thank you for your attention. Gas Quality Centre Accredited calibration laboratory / state-approved test centre

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