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Biodiversity in the context of DEB theory

Explore the co-variation of parameter values and scaling patterns in the context of the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory. Discover how the theory can be applied to ecological and evolutionary research using examples from the Add_my_Pet database.

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Biodiversity in the context of DEB theory

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  1. Biodiversity in the context of DEB theory Bas.Kooijman@vu.nl Tromsø, 2017/05/11-06/02 deb.akvaplan.com/symposiuml.html

  2. Contents Intro Add_my_Pet Co-variation of parameter values - Bergmann - r-K spectra, body size-scaling, Kleiber, - supply-demand spectra - waste-to-hurry - acceleration - altricial-precocial spectra Patterns to be understood Outlook • • • •

  3. Why AmP? Theory ↔ Applications (Jolyn’s talk) theory is tool in natural sciences in societal context impove tool by use AmP - - - - - = ecology/evolution = use in parameter estimation (estimation in context) ease applications DEB by examples database ready for applications checking consistency of data finding weird species identify patterns

  4. Add_my_Pet Comparison on the basis of parameter values 695 @ 2017/06/01

  5. Scales of life 30 Life span 10log a Volume 10log m3 earth 20 10 life on earth whale whale 0 bacterium ATP molecule -10 bacterium -20 water molecule -30 volume-range in AmP 16 orders of magnitude

  6. Bergmann 1847

  7. Dwarfing in Platyrrhini Cebidae 180 g 130 g Saimiri 200-400 g Saguinus 400-535 g 480-700 g 400-450 g 780-1250 g 700-1000 g 3500 g Callitrix Callimico Cebuella Leontopithecus MYA Mico Aotus 24.8 20.2 Perelman et al 2011 Plos Genetics 7, 3, e1001342 Cebus

  8. r-K spectra MacArthur & Wilson 1967 d/dt N = r N (K – N)

  9. Body size scaling Quantity Within Between Quantity Within Between Max ingestion rate 2/3 1 Abundance -1 to -2/3 -1 Max filtering rate 2/3 2/3 Max growth rate 0 2/3 Saturation constant 0 1/3 Respiration rate 2/3 to 1 2/3 to 1 Max assim rate 1 1 Birth, adult size 0 1 Min food density > 1/3 1/3 Juvenile period 0 1/3 Min ingestion rate 1 1 Egg storage 0 4/3 Max size 0 1 Egg water loss 0 4/3 Max storage 0 1 Incubation time 0 1/3 Min storage 1 4/3 Reprod rate 2/3 to 1 -2/3 to -1/3 Starvation time -1/3 to 1/3 1/3 Pop growth rate - -2/3 to -1/3 Kooijman, J Theor Biol (1986) 121: 269-282

  10. Scaling of O2consumption

  11. Behind O2scaling

  12. Waste to hurry: increase [pM] slope 1 max spec growth ulitmate length slope -1 slope 2 spec reprod investment

  13. Acceleration sM

  14. Supply-demand spectrum

  15. Lika et al 2014 J. Theor. Biol., 354:35-47 Supply-demand spectrum

  16. Supply-demand spectrum

  17. Supply-demand spectrum The small deviations from the surface ss(κ,epmin) = ep3κ2(1−κ) are caused by acceleration sMdependeng on food level

  18. Altricial - Precocial spectra

  19. Altriciality index animals birds mammals Birds stand out since they grow during a short period only, and get offspring long after reaching ultimate weight

  20. Altriciality index The 2 altricity coefficients show little correlation, except for the tetrapods

  21. Altriciality index The scatter of the absolute altriciality index increases with max struc length, that of the density altriciality index much less so

  22. Altriciality index, Actinopterygii slope 4 slope 0 slope -1 b b slope 4 p p slope 0 slope 0

  23. Maturity vs κ b p

  24. Energy investment vs κ energy investment energy outvestment

  25. Ultimate length vs κ Actinopterygii Mammalia

  26. Ultimate length vs κ Mammalia Actinopterygii κ with random permutations of , ,

  27. Ultimate length vs [pM]

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